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Phenotypes in ERGR database
| Species | Phenotype | Description | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
| Human | Ethanol response | Human cells response when exposed to ethanol | Thibault et al. Mol Pharmacol. (2000) Expression profiling of neural cells reveals specific patterns of ethanol-responsive gene expression. PubMed |
| ADSX (number of DSM-IV AD symptoms) | Number of AD symptoms (ADSX) based on number of positive DSM-IV AD criteria. Alcohol dependence symptoms scores range from 3 to 7 (because all affected individuals have at least three positive criteria). | Prescott et al. Mol Psychiatry. (2006) Genomewide linkage study in the Irish affected sib pair study of alcohol dependence: evidence for a susceptibility region for symptoms of alcohol dependence on chromosome 4. PubMed | |
| WDSFS (withdrawal symptoms factor score) | Withdrawal symptoms factor score (WDSFS) – the SSAGA interview included 10 symptoms of withdrawal (hands trembling, unable to sleep, feeling anxious, depressed or irritable, tachycardia, sweating, nausea, feeling physically weak, headaches, hallucinations, and feeling fidgety or restless) following cessation or reduction in drinking. | Kuo et al. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. (2006) Identification of susceptibility loci for alcohol-related traits in the Irish Affected Sib Pair Study of Alcohol Dependence. PubMed | |
| ONSET (age at onset of AD) | Age at onset of AD (ONSET) – the age of a subject when he/she first met the criteria for a DSM-IV AD. | ||
| ISENS (initial sensitivity) | Initial sensitivity (ISENS) is based on ‘‘the first 5 times you ever drank’’ | ||
| TOLMX (tolerance/maximum drinking) | Tolerance/maximum drinking (TOLMX) concern the ‘‘period when you drank the most.’’ | ||
| Alcohol dependence (AD)/Alcohol abuse/ Alcoholism | A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4) (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Alcohol Amnestic Disorder | A mental disorder associated with chronic ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) and nutritional deficiencies characterized by short term memory loss, confabulations, and disturbances of attention. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1139) (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Alcohol Withdrawal Delirium | An acute organic mental disorder induced by cessation or reduction in chronic alcohol consumption. Clinical characteristics include CONFUSION; DELUSIONS; vivid HALLUCINATIONS; TREMOR; agitation; insomnia; and signs of autonomic hyperactivity (e.g., elevated blood pressure and heart rate, dilated pupils, and diaphoresis). This condition may occasionally be fatal. It was formerly called delirium tremens. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1175) (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Alcohol Withdrawal Seizures | A condition where seizures occur in association with ethanol abuse (ALCOHOLISM) without other identifiable causes. Seizures usually occur within the first 6-48 hours after the cessation of alcohol intake, but may occur during periods of alcohol intoxication. Single generalized tonic-clonic motor seizures are the most common subtype, however, STATUS EPILEPTICUS may occur. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1174) (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Alcohol-Induced Disorders | Disorders stemming from the misuse and abuse of alcohol. (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System | Acute and chronic neurologic disorders associated with the various neurologic effects of ETHANOL. Primary sites of injury include the brain and peripheral nerves. (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Alcohol-Related Disorders | Disorders related to or resulting from abuse or mis-use of alcohol. (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Alcoholic Intoxication | An acute brain syndrome which results from the excessive ingestion of ETHANOL or ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES. (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Alcoholic Neuropathy | A condition where damage to the peripheral nervous system (including the peripheral elements of the autonomic nervous system) is associated with chronic ingestion of alcoholic beverages. The disorder may be caused by a direct effect of alcohol, an associated nutritional deficiency, or a combination of factors. Clinical manifestations include variable degrees of weakness; ATROPHY; PARESTHESIAS; pain; loss of reflexes; sensory loss; diaphoresis; and postural hypotension. (From Arch Neurol 1995;52(1):45-51; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1146) (MSH) | HuGE Navigator | |
| Animal | Ethanol sensitivity | Sensitivity to ethanol exposure | MacLaren et al. Mamm Genome. (2006)
Expression profiling identifies novel candidate genes for ethanol sensitivity
QTLs.
PubMed Morozova et al. Genome Biol. (2007) Phenotypic and transcriptional response to selection for alcohol sensitivity in Drosophila melanogaster. PubMed |
| Ethanol response | Response to ethanol exposure | Morozova et al. Genome Biol. (2006) Transcriptional response to alcohol exposure in Drosophila melanogaster. PubMed | |
| Acute functional tolerance | Tolerance that develops during a single exposure to alcohol is defined as acute functional tolerance (AFT), or within-session tolerance, and has been considered a predisposing element for alcohol dependence | Tabakoff et al. J Neurosci. (2003) Selective breeding, quantitative trait locus analysis, and gene arrays identify candidate genes for complex drug-related behaviors. PubMed | |
| Acute ethanol response | The response to the initial encounter with ethanol (acute ethanol exposure) | Treadwell et al. Neurochem Res. (2004) Microarray analysis of mouse brain gene expression following acute ethanol treatment. PubMed | |
| Alcohol-nonpreferring | The alcohol-nonpreferring (NP) lines were generated on the basis of preference for a 10% alcohol solution vs. water in a two-bottle choice paradigm. The nonpreferring lines have a preference ratio of less than 0.5:1. | Edenberg et al. Genes Brain Behav.(2005) Gene expression in the hippocampus of inbred alcohol-preferring and - nonpreferring rats. PubMed | |
| Alcohol-preferring/preference | The alcohol-preferring (alcohol preference) lines were generated on the basis of preference for a 10% alcohol solution vs. water in a two-bottle choice paradigm. The preferring lines have a preference ratio of at least 2:1 for the ethanol solution over water. | Edenberg et al. Genes Brain Behav. (2005)
Gene expression in the hippocampus of inbred alcohol-preferring and -
nonpreferring rats.
PubMed Saba et al. Mamm Genome. (2006) Candidate genes and their regulatory elements: alcohol preference and tolerance. PubMed |
|
| Alcohol self-administration | Self-administration of Alcohol/ethanol | Rodd et al. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. (2008) Differential gene expression in the nucleus accumbens with ethanol self-administration in inbred alcohol-preferring rats. PubMed | |
| Acute Alcohol Withdrawal | PARC Alcohol QTL website | ||
| Chronic Alcohol Withdrawal | |||
| Alcohol Preference Drinking | |||
| Alcohol Stimulated Activity | |||
| Alcohol-induced Loss of Righting Reflex | |||
| Alcohol Acceptance |