DegronMD - O00182(LGALS9)

FUNCTION: Binds galactosides (PubMed:18005988). Has high affinity for the Forssman pentasaccharide (PubMed:18005988). Ligand for HAVCR2/TIM3 (PubMed:16286920). Binding to HAVCR2 induces T-helper type 1 lymphocyte (Th1) death (PubMed:16286920). Also stimulates bactericidal activity in infected macrophages by causing macrophage activation and IL1B secretion which restricts intracellular bacterial growth (By similarity). Ligand for P4HB; the interaction retains P4HB at the cell surface of Th2 T-helper cells, increasing disulfide reductase activity at the plasma membrane, altering the plasma membrane redox state and enhancing cell migration (PubMed:21670307). Ligand for CD44; the interaction enhances binding of SMAD3 to the FOXP3 promoter, leading to up-regulation of FOXP3 expression and increased induced regulatory T (iTreg) cell stability and suppressive function (By similarity). Promotes ability of mesenchymal stromal cells to suppress T-cell proliferation (PubMed:23817958). Expands regulatory T-cells and induces cytotoxic T-cell apoptosis following virus infection (PubMed:20209097). Activates ERK1/2 phosphorylation inducing cytokine (IL-6, IL-8, IL-12) and chemokine (CCL2) production in mast and dendritic cells (PubMed:24465902, PubMed:16116184). Inhibits degranulation and induces apoptosis of mast cells (PubMed:24465902). Induces maturation and migration of dendritic cells (PubMed:25754930, PubMed:16116184). Inhibits natural killer (NK) cell function (PubMed:23408620). Can transform NK cell phenotype from peripheral to decidual during pregnancy (PubMed:25578313). Astrocyte derived galectin-9 enhances microglial TNF production (By similarity). May play a role in thymocyte-epithelial interactions relevant to the biology of the thymus. May provide the molecular basis for urate flux across cell membranes, allowing urate that is formed during purine metabolism to efflux from cells and serving as an electrogenic transporter that plays an important role in renal and gastrointestinal urate excretion (By similarity). Highly selective to the anion urate (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08573, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P97840, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16116184, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16286920, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18005988, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18977853, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20209097, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21670307, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23408620, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23817958, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24465902, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25578313, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25754930}.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 2]: Acts as an eosinophil chemoattractant (PubMed:9642261). It also inhibits angiogenesis (PubMed:24333696). Suppresses IFNG production by natural killer cells (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08573, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24333696, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9642261}. View more >>

GO - Biological processes (BP): cellular response to interferon-gamma [GO:0071346]; cellular response to virus [GO:0098586]; chemotaxis [GO:0006935]; ERK1 and ERK2 cascade [GO:0070371]; female pregnancy [GO:0007565]; inflammatory response [GO:0006954]; maternal process involved in female pregnancy [GO:0060135]; natural killer cell tolerance induction [GO:0002519]; negative regulation of activated T cell proliferation [GO:0046007]; negative regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation [GO:2000562]; negative regulation of chemokine production [GO:0032682]; negative regulation of gene expression [GO:0010629]; negative regulation of interferon-gamma production [GO:0032689]; negative regulation of mast cell degranulation [GO:0043305]; negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity [GO:0045953]; negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production [GO:0032720]; p38MAPK cascade [GO:0038066]; positive regulation of activated T cell autonomous cell death [GO:0070241]; positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation [GO:2000563]; positive regulation of CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response [GO:0032834]; positive regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic signaling pathway [GO:2001269]; positive regulation of dendritic cell apoptotic process [GO:2000670]; positive regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis [GO:2000510]; positive regulation of dendritic cell differentiation [GO:2001200]; positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade [GO:0070374]; positive regulation of gene expression [GO:0010628]; positive regulation of I-kappaB kinase/NF-kappaB signaling [GO:0043123]; positive regulation of interferon-gamma production [GO:0032729]; positive regulation of interleukin-10 production [GO:0032733]; positive regulation of interleukin-12 production [GO:0032735]; positive regulation of interleukin-13 production [GO:0032736]; positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production [GO:0032731]; positive regulation of interleukin-4 production [GO:0032753]; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production [GO:0032755]; positive regulation of interleukin-8 production [GO:0032757]; positive regulation of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 production [GO:0071639]; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity [GO:0051092]; positive regulation of NIK/NF-kappaB signaling [GO:1901224]; positive regulation of T cell activation via T cell receptor contact with antigen bound to MHC molecule on antigen presenting cell [GO:2001190]; positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta production [GO:0071636]; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production [GO:0032760]; positive regulation of viral entry into host cell [GO:0046598]; response to interleukin-1 [GO:0070555]; response to lipopolysaccharide [GO:0032496] View more >>

GO - Molecular function (MF): View more >>

GO - Cellular component (CC): View more >>

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Open in full screen with detailed sequence annotations

Mutation	Sample	Cancer	Dataset	Degron hit	Class	Location	Type	Impact score
p.V37F	TCGA-66-2792	LUSC	TCGA	VLSSS	DEG_SPOP_SBC_1	37:41	Mutation altering degron motif	0.7068
p.V37F	DO26451	LUSC	ICGC	VLSSS	DEG_SPOP_SBC_1	37:41	Mutation altering degron motif	0.7068
p.F45L	TCGA-DI-A1BU	UCEC	TCGA	VLSSS	DEG_SPOP_SBC_1	37:41	Mutation rewiring degron network	0.2222
p.F45L	DO42023	UCEC	ICGC	VLSSS	DEG_SPOP_SBC_1	37:41	Mutation rewiring degron network	0.2222
p.F49V	DO228985	LICA	ICGC	VLSSS	DEG_SPOP_SBC_1	37:41	Mutation rewiring degron network	0.1111

DegronMD: protein-targeted degradation, mutation and drug response to degrons

LGALS9

UniProt ID: O00182

Entrez ID: 3965

Protein name: Galectin-9 (Gal-9) (Ecalectin) (Tumor antigen HOM-HD-21)

External links: UniprotKB HGNC RefSeq COSMIC

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Kaplan plot for LGALS9 in