7048

TGFBR2

AAT3|FAA3|LDS1B|LDS2|LDS2B|MFS2|RIIC|TAAD2|TGFR-2|TGFbeta-RII;transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80kDa);TGFBR2;transforming growth factor, beta receptor II (70/80kDa)

TGF-beta receptor type IIB|TGF-beta receptor type-2|TGF-beta type II receptor|tbetaR-II|transforming growth factor beta receptor type IIC|transforming growth factor, beta receptor II alpha|transforming growth factor, beta receptor II beta|transforming gro

3p22

protein-coding

TGFBR2 gene is a tumor suppressor gene located at chromosome 3p22, and the locus is reported to be linked with schizophrenia susceptibility. According to the previous studies, a reduced incidence of cancer is observed in schizophrenic patients compared with the general population and tumor suppressor genes may be associated with schizophrenia. We measured the mRNA expression of TGFBR2 gene in the peripheral leukocytes from 19 medication-free schizophrenics and 25 medication-free major depressive patients compared with age- and sex-matched control subjects using a quantitative real-time PCR method. We also followed up the TGFBR2 mRNA expression levels from 13 schizophrenics after several weeks - antipsychotic treatments. The TGFBR2 mRNA levels of medication free schizophrenics were significantly higher than those of control subjects and decreased to almost the same level as controls after antipsychotic treatment. On the other hand, the TGFBR2 mRNA levels of medication-free major depressive patients were not significantly different from controls. In genetic studies, we failed to find any association between the TGFBR2 gene and schizophrenia with 10 SNPs of TGFBR2 gene in Japanese subjects (279 subjects each) and there was no significant difference with haplotype analysis, either. Our results suggest that the TGFBR2 gene itself does not link to schizophrenia but that the TGFBR2 mRNA levels in the peripheral leukocytes may be a potential state marker for schizophrenia.

BACKGROUND: TGF-beta acts as a suppressor of primary tumor initiation but has been implicated as a promoter of the later malignant stages. Here associations with risk of invasive breast cancer are assessed for single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) tagging 17 genes in the canonical TGF-beta ALK5/SMADs 2&3 and ALK1/SMADs 1&5 signaling pathways: LTBP1, LTBP2, LTBP4, TGFB1, TGFB2, TGFB3, TGFBR1(ALK5), ALK1, TGFBR2, Endoglin, SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, SMAD5, SMAD6, and SMAD7 [Approved Human gene Nomenclature Committee gene names: ACVRL1 (for ALK1) and ENG (for Endoglin)]. METHODS: Three-hundred-fifty-four tag SNPs (minor allele frequency > 0.05) were selected for genotyping in a staged study design using 6,703 cases and 6,840 controls from the Studies of Epidemiology and Risk Factors in cancer Heredity (SEARCH) study. Significant associations were meta-analyzed with data from the NCI Polish Breast cancer Study (PBCS; 1,966 cases and 2,347 controls) and published data from the Breast cancer Association Consortium (BCAC). RESULTS: Associations of three SNPs, tagging TGFB1 (rs1982073), TGFBR1 (rs10512263), and TGFBR2 (rs4522809), were detected in SEARCH; however, associations became weaker in meta-analyses including data from PBCS and BCAC. Tumor subtype analyses indicated that the TGFB1 rs1982073 association may be confined to increased risk of developing progesterone receptor negative (PR(-)) tumors [1.18 (95% CI: 1.09-1.28), 4.1 x 10(-5) (P value for heterogeneity of ORs by PR status = 2.3 x 10(-4))]. There was no evidence for breast cancer risk associations with SNPs in the endothelial-specific pathway utilizing ALK1/SMADs 1&5 that promotes angiogenesis. CONCLUSION: Common variation in the TGF-beta ALK5/SMADs 2&3 signaling pathway, which initiates signaling at the cell surface to inhibit cell proliferation, might be related to risk of specific tumor subtypes. IMPACT: The subtype specific associations require very large studies to be confirmed.

PURPOSE: Transforming growth factor beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2) is a tumor suppressor gene that plays a role in the differentiation of striated cells and remodeling of coronary arteries. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of this gene are associated with Marfan syndrome and sudden death in patients with coronary artery disease. Cardiovascular remodeling and T cell activation of TGFBR2 gene suggest that the TGFBR2 gene SNPs are related to the pathogenesis of Kawasaki disease (KD) and coronary artery lesion (CAL). METHODS: The subjects were 105 patients with KD and 500 healthy adults as controls. Mean age of KD group was 32 months age and 26.6% of those had CAL. We selected TGFBR2 gene SNPs from serum and performed direct sequencing. RESULTS: The sequences of the eleven SNPs in the TGFBR2 gene were compared between the KD group and controls. Three SNPs (rs1495592, rs6550004, rs795430) were associated with development of KD (P=0.019, P=0.026, P=0.016, respectively). One SNP (rs1495592) was associated with CAL in KD group (P=0.022). CONCLUSION: Eleven SNPs in TGFBR2 gene were identified at that time the genome wide association. But, with the change of the data base, only six SNPs remained associated with the TGFBR2 gene. One of the six SNPs (rs6550004) was associated with development of KD. One SNP associated with CAL (rs1495592) was disassociated from the TGFBR2 gene. The other five SNPs were not functionally identified, but these SNPs are notable because the data base is changing. Further studies involving larger group of patients with KD are needed.