FUNCTION: Catalytic component of the RAG complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the DNA cleavage phase during V(D)J recombination. V(D)J recombination assembles a diverse repertoire of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes in developing B and T-lymphocytes through rearrangement of differen...
FUNCTION: Catalytic component of the RAG complex, a multiprotein complex that mediates the DNA cleavage phase during V(D)J recombination. V(D)J recombination assembles a diverse repertoire of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor genes in developing B and T-lymphocytes through rearrangement of different V (variable), in some cases D (diversity), and J (joining) gene segments. In the RAG complex, RAG1 mediates the DNA-binding to the conserved recombination signal sequences (RSS) and catalyzes the DNA cleavage activities by introducing a double-strand break between the RSS and the adjacent coding segment. RAG2 is not a catalytic component but is required for all known catalytic activities. DNA cleavage occurs in 2 steps: a first nick is introduced in the top strand immediately upstream of the heptamer, generating a 3'-hydroxyl group that can attack the phosphodiester bond on the opposite strand in a direct transesterification reaction, thereby creating 4 DNA ends: 2 hairpin coding ends and 2 blunt, 5'-phosphorylated ends. The chromatin structure plays an essential role in the V(D)J recombination reactions and the presence of histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) stimulates both the nicking and haipinning steps. The RAG complex also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and monospecific recognition by the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) expressed on individual B-lymphocytes. The introduction of DNA breaks by the RAG complex on one immunoglobulin allele induces ATM-dependent repositioning of the other allele to pericentromeric heterochromatin, preventing accessibility to the RAG complex and recombination of the second allele. In addition to its endonuclease activity, RAG1 also acts as an E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of histone H3. Histone H3 monoubiquitination is required for the joining step of V(D)J recombination. Mediates polyubiquitination of KPNA1 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
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GO - Biological processes (BP):
adaptive immune response [GO:0002250]; B cell differentiation [GO:0030183]; chromatin organization [GO:0006325]; DNA recombination [GO:0006310]; histone monoubiquitination [GO:0010390]; immune response [GO:0006955]; negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic pr...
adaptive immune response [GO:0002250]; B cell differentiation [GO:0030183]; chromatin organization [GO:0006325]; DNA recombination [GO:0006310]; histone monoubiquitination [GO:0010390]; immune response [GO:0006955]; negative regulation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process [GO:0043154]; negative regulation of thymocyte apoptotic process [GO:0070244]; positive regulation of T cell differentiation [GO:0045582]; pre-B cell allelic exclusion [GO:0002331]; protein autoubiquitination [GO:0051865]; regulation of behavioral fear response [GO:2000822]; T cell differentiation in thymus [GO:0033077]; T cell homeostasis [GO:0043029]; thymus development [GO:0048538]; V(D)J recombination [GO:0033151]; visual learning [GO:0008542]
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GO - Molecular function (MF):
DNA binding [GO:0003677]; endonuclease activity [GO:0004519]; histone binding [GO:0042393]; metal ion binding [GO:0046872]; protein homodimerization activity [GO:0042803]; sequence-specific DNA binding [GO:0043565]; ubiquitin protein ligase activity [GO:0061630]; ubiquitin-protein transferase activi...
DNA binding [GO:0003677]; endonuclease activity [GO:0004519]; histone binding [GO:0042393]; metal ion binding [GO:0046872]; protein homodimerization activity [GO:0042803]; sequence-specific DNA binding [GO:0043565]; ubiquitin protein ligase activity [GO:0061630]; ubiquitin-protein transferase activity [GO:0004842]; zinc ion binding [GO:0008270]
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GO - Cellular component (CC):
DNA recombinase complex [GO:0097519]; endodeoxyribonuclease complex [GO:1905347]; nucleoplasm [GO:0005654]; nucleus [GO:0005634]...
DNA recombinase complex [GO:0097519]; endodeoxyribonuclease complex [GO:1905347]; nucleoplasm [GO:0005654]; nucleus [GO:0005634]
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