FUNCTION: In muscle physiology, plays a central role in the balance between atrophy and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via phosphorylate...
FUNCTION: In muscle physiology, plays a central role in the balance between atrophy and hypertrophy. When recruited by MSTN, promotes atrophy response via phosphorylated SMAD2/4. MSTN decrease causes SMAD4 release and subsequent recruitment by the BMP pathway to promote hypertrophy via phosphorylated SMAD1/5/8. Acts synergistically with SMAD1 and YY1 in bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-mediated cardiac-specific gene expression. Binds to SMAD binding elements (SBEs) (5'-GTCT/AGAC-3') within BMP response element (BMPRE) of cardiac activating regions (By similarity). Common SMAD (co-SMAD) is the coactivator and mediator of signal transduction by TGF-beta (transforming growth factor). Component of the heterotrimeric SMAD2/SMAD3-SMAD4 complex that forms in the nucleus and is required for the TGF-mediated signaling (PubMed:25514493). Promotes binding of the SMAD2/SMAD4/FAST-1 complex to DNA and provides an activation function required for SMAD1 or SMAD2 to stimulate transcription. Component of the multimeric SMAD3/SMAD4/JUN/FOS complex which forms at the AP1 promoter site; required for synergistic transcriptional activity in response to TGF-beta. May act as a tumor suppressor. Positively regulates PDPK1 kinase activity by stimulating its dissociation from the 14-3-3 protein YWHAQ which acts as a negative regulator. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17327236, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25514493, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9389648}.
View more >>
GO - Biological processes (BP):
adrenal gland development [GO:0030325]; aging [GO:0007568]; anatomical structure morphogenesis [GO:0009653]; atrioventricular canal development [GO:0036302]; atrioventricular valve formation [GO:0003190]; axon guidance [GO:0007411]; BMP signaling pathway [GO:0030509]; brainstem development [GO:00033...
adrenal gland development [GO:0030325]; aging [GO:0007568]; anatomical structure morphogenesis [GO:0009653]; atrioventricular canal development [GO:0036302]; atrioventricular valve formation [GO:0003190]; axon guidance [GO:0007411]; BMP signaling pathway [GO:0030509]; brainstem development [GO:0003360]; branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis [GO:0001658]; cardiac conduction system development [GO:0003161]; cell differentiation [GO:0030154]; cell population proliferation [GO:0008283]; cellular iron ion homeostasis [GO:0006879]; cellular response to BMP stimulus [GO:0071773]; cellular response to glucose stimulus [GO:0071333]; developmental growth [GO:0048589]; embryonic digit morphogenesis [GO:0042733]; endocardial cell differentiation [GO:0060956]; endothelial cell activation [GO:0042118]; epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation [GO:0003198]; ERK1 and ERK2 cascade [GO:0070371]; female gonad morphogenesis [GO:0061040]; formation of anatomical boundary [GO:0048859]; gastrulation with mouth forming second [GO:0001702]; interleukin-6-mediated signaling pathway [GO:0070102]; intracellular signal transduction [GO:0035556]; in utero embryonic development [GO:0001701]; left ventricular cardiac muscle tissue morphogenesis [GO:0003220]; mesendoderm development [GO:0048382]; metanephric mesenchyme morphogenesis [GO:0072133]; negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy [GO:0010614]; negative regulation of cardiac myofibril assembly [GO:1905305]; negative regulation of cell death [GO:0060548]; negative regulation of cell growth [GO:0030308]; negative regulation of cell population proliferation [GO:0008285]; negative regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade [GO:0070373]; negative regulation of protein catabolic process [GO:0042177]; negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated [GO:0045892]; negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II [GO:0000122]; nephrogenic mesenchyme morphogenesis [GO:0072134]; neural crest cell differentiation [GO:0014033]; neuron fate commitment [GO:0048663]; osteoblast differentiation [GO:0001649]; outflow tract septum morphogenesis [GO:0003148]; ovarian follicle development [GO:0001541]; positive regulation of BMP signaling pathway [GO:0030513]; positive regulation of cardiac muscle cell apoptotic process [GO:0010666]; positive regulation of cell proliferation involved in heart valve morphogenesis [GO:0003251]; positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition [GO:0010718]; positive regulation of follicle-stimulating hormone secretion [GO:0046881]; positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation [GO:0051571]; positive regulation of histone H3-K9 acetylation [GO:2000617]; positive regulation of luteinizing hormone secretion [GO:0033686]; positive regulation of miRNA transcription [GO:1902895]; positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation [GO:0010862]; positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction [GO:0060391]; positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated [GO:0045893]; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II [GO:0045944]; positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in cellular response to chemical stimulus [GO:1901522]; positive regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [GO:0030511]; regulation of binding [GO:0051098]; regulation of hair follicle development [GO:0051797]; regulation of transforming growth factor beta2 production [GO:0032909]; regulation of transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [GO:0017015]; response to hypoxia [GO:0001666]; response to transforming growth factor beta [GO:0071559]; sebaceous gland development [GO:0048733]; secondary palate development [GO:0062009]; seminiferous tubule development [GO:0072520]; single fertilization [GO:0007338]; SMAD protein complex assembly [GO:0007183]; SMAD protein signal transduction [GO:0060395]; somite rostral/caudal axis specification [GO:0032525]; spermatogenesis [GO:0007283]; transcription, DNA-templated [GO:0006351]; transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway [GO:0007179]; uterus development [GO:0060065]; ventricular septum morphogenesis [GO:0060412]; wound healing [GO:0042060]
View more >>
GO - Molecular function (MF):
chromatin binding [GO:0003682]; collagen binding [GO:0005518]; DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific [GO:0001228]; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific [GO:0000981]; filamin binding [GO:0031005]; identical protein binding [GO:004280...
chromatin binding [GO:0003682]; collagen binding [GO:0005518]; DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific [GO:0001228]; DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific [GO:0000981]; filamin binding [GO:0031005]; identical protein binding [GO:0042802]; I-SMAD binding [GO:0070411]; metal ion binding [GO:0046872]; protein homodimerization activity [GO:0042803]; RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding [GO:0000978]; RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding [GO:0061629]; R-SMAD binding [GO:0070412]; sulfate binding [GO:0043199]; transcription cis-regulatory region binding [GO:0000976]; transcription coactivator binding [GO:0001223]
View more >>
GO - Cellular component (CC):
activin responsive factor complex [GO:0032444]; centrosome [GO:0005813]; chromatin [GO:0000785]; cytoplasm [GO:0005737]; cytosol [GO:0005829]; heteromeric SMAD protein complex [GO:0071144]; nucleoplasm [GO:0005654]; nucleus [GO:0005634]; SMAD protein complex [GO:0071141]; transcription regulator com...
activin responsive factor complex [GO:0032444]; centrosome [GO:0005813]; chromatin [GO:0000785]; cytoplasm [GO:0005737]; cytosol [GO:0005829]; heteromeric SMAD protein complex [GO:0071144]; nucleoplasm [GO:0005654]; nucleus [GO:0005634]; SMAD protein complex [GO:0071141]; transcription regulator complex [GO:0005667]
View more >>