FUNCTION: Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated nucleic acid bases by direct reversal oxidative dealkylation. Can process both double-stranded (ds) and single-stranded (ss) DNA substrates, with a strong preference for dsDNA (PubMed:12486230, PubMed:12594517, PubMed:16174769, PubMed:20714506, PubMed:257...
FUNCTION: Dioxygenase that repairs alkylated nucleic acid bases by direct reversal oxidative dealkylation. Can process both double-stranded (ds) and single-stranded (ss) DNA substrates, with a strong preference for dsDNA (PubMed:12486230, PubMed:12594517, PubMed:16174769, PubMed:20714506, PubMed:25797601, PubMed:23972994). Uses molecular oxygen, 2-oxoglutarate and iron as cofactors to oxidize the alkyl groups that are subsequently released as aldehydes, regenerating the undamaged bases. Probes the base pair stability, locates a weakened base pair and flips the damaged base to accommodate the lesion in its active site for efficient catalysis (PubMed:18432238, PubMed:22659876). Repairs monoalkylated bases, specifically N1-methyladenine and N3-methylcytosine, as well as higher order alkyl adducts such as bases modified with exocyclic bridged adducts known as etheno adducts including 1,N6-ethenoadenine, 3,N4-ethenocytosine and 1,N2-ethenoguanine (PubMed:12486230, PubMed:12594517, PubMed:16174769, PubMed:20714506, PubMed:25797601, PubMed:23972994, PubMed:26408825). Acts as a gatekeeper of genomic integrity under alkylation stress. Efficiently repairs alkylated lesions in ribosomal DNA (rDNA). These lesions can cause ss- and dsDNA strand breaks that severely impair rDNA transcription (PubMed:23972994). In a response mechanism to DNA damage, associates with PCNA at replication forks to repair alkylated adducts prior to replication (PubMed:19736315, PubMed:26408825). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12486230, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12594517, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16174769, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18432238, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19736315, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20714506, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22659876, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23972994, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25797601, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26408825}.
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GO - Biological processes (BP):
DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair [GO:0006307]; DNA demethylation [GO:0080111]; oxidative demethylation [GO:0070989]; oxidative DNA demethylation [GO:0035511]...
DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair [GO:0006307]; DNA demethylation [GO:0080111]; oxidative demethylation [GO:0070989]; oxidative DNA demethylation [GO:0035511]
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GO - Molecular function (MF):
cytosine C-5 DNA demethylase activity [GO:0051747]; DNA-N1-methyladenine dioxygenase activity [GO:0043734]; ferrous iron binding [GO:0008198]; oxidative DNA demethylase activity [GO:0035516]...
cytosine C-5 DNA demethylase activity [GO:0051747]; DNA-N1-methyladenine dioxygenase activity [GO:0043734]; ferrous iron binding [GO:0008198]; oxidative DNA demethylase activity [GO:0035516]
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GO - Cellular component (CC):
nucleoplasm [GO:0005654]...
nucleoplasm [GO:0005654]
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