FUNCTION: Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, innate immune response, and cancer. Bi...
FUNCTION: Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. May be involved in epithelial barrier permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, innate immune response, and cancer. Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases, which was uniquely reported in PubMed:9857026. May stimulate instead the cortical activity of Rac. Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras-GTPases. Forms an intracellular sensing system along with NOD1 for the detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion by pathogens. Required for RHOA and RIP2 dependent NF-kappaB signaling pathways activation upon S.flexneri cell invasion. Involved not only in sensing peptidoglycan (PGN)-derived muropeptides through NOD1 that is independent of its GEF activity, but also in the activation of NF-kappaB by Shigella effector proteins (IpgB2 and OspB) which requires its GEF activity and the activation of RhoA. Involved in innate immune signaling transduction pathway promoting cytokine IL6/interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha secretion in macrophage upon stimulation by bacterial peptidoglycans; acts as a signaling intermediate between NOD2 receptor and RIPK2 kinase. Contributes to the tyrosine phosphorylation of RIPK2 through Src tyrosine kinase leading to NF-kappaB activation by NOD2. Overexpression activates Rho-, but not Rac-GTPases, and increases paracellular permeability (By similarity). Involved in neuronal progenitor cell division and differentiation (PubMed:28453519). Involved in the migration of precerebellar neurons (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q60875, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q865S3, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19043560, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21887730, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28453519, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9857026}.
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GO - Biological processes (BP):
actin filament organization [GO:0007015]; asymmetric neuroblast division [GO:0055059]; cell cycle [GO:0007049]; cell morphogenesis [GO:0000902]; cellular hyperosmotic response [GO:0071474]; cellular response to muramyl dipeptide [GO:0071225]; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor [GO:0071356]; ...
actin filament organization [GO:0007015]; asymmetric neuroblast division [GO:0055059]; cell cycle [GO:0007049]; cell morphogenesis [GO:0000902]; cellular hyperosmotic response [GO:0071474]; cellular response to muramyl dipeptide [GO:0071225]; cellular response to tumor necrosis factor [GO:0071356]; innate immune response [GO:0045087]; intracellular protein transport [GO:0006886]; negative regulation of extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway via death domain receptors [GO:1902042]; negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to osmotic stress [GO:1902219]; negative regulation of microtubule depolymerization [GO:0007026]; negative regulation of necroptotic process [GO:0060546]; positive regulation of interleukin-6 production [GO:0032755]; positive regulation of neuron differentiation [GO:0045666]; positive regulation of neuron migration [GO:2001224]; positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity [GO:0051092]; positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation [GO:0050731]; positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II [GO:0045944]; positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production [GO:0032760]; regulation of cell population proliferation [GO:0042127]; regulation of Rho protein signal transduction [GO:0035023]; regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction [GO:0051056]
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GO - Molecular function (MF):
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity [GO:0005085]; microtubule binding [GO:0008017]; small GTPase binding [GO:0031267]; zinc ion binding [GO:0008270]...
guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity [GO:0005085]; microtubule binding [GO:0008017]; small GTPase binding [GO:0031267]; zinc ion binding [GO:0008270]
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GO - Cellular component (CC):
bicellular tight junction [GO:0005923]; cytoplasm [GO:0005737]; cytoplasmic vesicle [GO:0031410]; cytoskeleton [GO:0005856]; cytosol [GO:0005829]; focal adhesion [GO:0005925]; Golgi apparatus [GO:0005794]; microtubule [GO:0005874]; protein-containing complex [GO:0032991]; ruffle membrane [GO:0032587...
bicellular tight junction [GO:0005923]; cytoplasm [GO:0005737]; cytoplasmic vesicle [GO:0031410]; cytoskeleton [GO:0005856]; cytosol [GO:0005829]; focal adhesion [GO:0005925]; Golgi apparatus [GO:0005794]; microtubule [GO:0005874]; protein-containing complex [GO:0032991]; ruffle membrane [GO:0032587]; spindle [GO:0005819]; vesicle [GO:0031982]
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