| 1 | Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 2003 Oct 24: 1001-5 |
|---|---|
| PMID | 14531942 |
| Title | Effects of phenothiazine drugs on serum levels of apolipoproteins and lipoproteins in schizophrenic subjects. |
| Abstract | To investigate the risk factors and clinical significance of blood-lipid metabolic disorder in schizophrenic patients caused by phenothiazine treatment for long term (from 1 month to 25 years). Serum levels of apolipoprotein AI (apoAI), apolipoprotein B (APOB), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) were measured in 120 chronic schizophrenia patients, 50 vascular dementia, and 100 normal controls by the enzyme method and immune fluoroscopy turbidimetric method. The patients with schizophrenia and vascular dementia had significantly lower content of apoAI, HDL-C, and apoAI/APOB than those in normal control (P<0.01). Their APOB and TG levels were higher than the healthy control group (P<0.01). The TG contents in the negative group and the vascular dementia group were obviously higher than the positive group (P<0.01) while there was no marked difference between the TC levels in the three groups and the normal control group (P>0.05). The chronic schizophrenic patients have a blood-lipid metabolic disorder by long-term intake of phenothiazine drugs. It is suggested that the traditional treatment with antipsychotic should reformed, and that drugs of degrading lipid and coagulation should be used to prevent and reduce the risk factors causing the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and delay the development of the disturbance of intelligence and dementia. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia, schizophrenic |
| 2 | Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 2003 Oct 24: 1001-5 |
| PMID | 14531942 |
| Title | Effects of phenothiazine drugs on serum levels of apolipoproteins and lipoproteins in schizophrenic subjects. |
| Abstract | To investigate the risk factors and clinical significance of blood-lipid metabolic disorder in schizophrenic patients caused by phenothiazine treatment for long term (from 1 month to 25 years). Serum levels of apolipoprotein AI (apoAI), apolipoprotein B (APOB), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and total cholesterol (TC) were measured in 120 chronic schizophrenia patients, 50 vascular dementia, and 100 normal controls by the enzyme method and immune fluoroscopy turbidimetric method. The patients with schizophrenia and vascular dementia had significantly lower content of apoAI, HDL-C, and apoAI/APOB than those in normal control (P<0.01). Their APOB and TG levels were higher than the healthy control group (P<0.01). The TG contents in the negative group and the vascular dementia group were obviously higher than the positive group (P<0.01) while there was no marked difference between the TC levels in the three groups and the normal control group (P>0.05). The chronic schizophrenic patients have a blood-lipid metabolic disorder by long-term intake of phenothiazine drugs. It is suggested that the traditional treatment with antipsychotic should reformed, and that drugs of degrading lipid and coagulation should be used to prevent and reduce the risk factors causing the onset of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and delay the development of the disturbance of intelligence and dementia. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia, schizophrenic |
| 3 | Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2007 -1 45: 1229-31 |
| PMID | 17635080 |
| Title | Associations of blood levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in schizophrenic Arab subjects. |
| Abstract | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are believed to be important in brain development and repair following neuronal damage. It is also speculated that IGFs are involved in the association of foetal and pre-adult growth with schizophrenia (SZ). The aim of this study was to assess levels of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 and their associations in male Arab patients with SZ (n=53) and healthy control subjects (HC; n=52). Anthropometric and demographic data were collected for each subject for whom blood specimens were analysed for serum lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B (APOB), IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-3. The SZ group had lower serum total cholesterol, APOB and uric acid levels than the HC group (p<0.05). IGF-II levels were significantly higher in the SZ group (p=0.02) and correlated positively with levels of atherogenic lipoproteins--total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, APOB--and IGFBP-3. The pattern of correlations between the IGFs and the various parameters differed somewhat between the HC and SZ groups. These results demonstrate that IGF-II levels are increased in patients with SZ and show significant associations with atherogenic lipoproteins. We suggest a possible link between IGF-II metabolism and atherogenesis in SZ. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia, schizophrenic |
| 4 | Clin. Chem. Lab. Med. 2007 -1 45: 1229-31 |
| PMID | 17635080 |
| Title | Associations of blood levels of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, IGF-II and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 in schizophrenic Arab subjects. |
| Abstract | Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) are believed to be important in brain development and repair following neuronal damage. It is also speculated that IGFs are involved in the association of foetal and pre-adult growth with schizophrenia (SZ). The aim of this study was to assess levels of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3 and their associations in male Arab patients with SZ (n=53) and healthy control subjects (HC; n=52). Anthropometric and demographic data were collected for each subject for whom blood specimens were analysed for serum lipoproteins, apolipoprotein B (APOB), IGF-I, IGF-II and IGFBP-3. The SZ group had lower serum total cholesterol, APOB and uric acid levels than the HC group (p<0.05). IGF-II levels were significantly higher in the SZ group (p=0.02) and correlated positively with levels of atherogenic lipoproteins--total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, APOB--and IGFBP-3. The pattern of correlations between the IGFs and the various parameters differed somewhat between the HC and SZ groups. These results demonstrate that IGF-II levels are increased in patients with SZ and show significant associations with atherogenic lipoproteins. We suggest a possible link between IGF-II metabolism and atherogenesis in SZ. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia, schizophrenic |
| 5 | Asian J Psychiatr 2014 Jun 9: 36-40 |
| PMID | 24813034 |
| Title | Paraoxonase 1 activity and lipid profile in schizophrenic patients. |
| Abstract | This study aimed to investigate the variations of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and lipid profile in patients with schizophrenia and the association of this activity with the sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutical characteristics of this population. Our cross-sectional study included 140 schizophrenic patients and 119 control subjects aged respectively 37.3±10.4 and 41.4±10 years. PON1 activity was determined using Konelab 30? equipment (Thermo Electron Corporation). Plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (c-HDL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (c-LDL) concentrations were determined using Cobas 6000? (Roche Diagnostics), apolipoproteins (ApoA1, APOB) and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were determined using Integra 400 plus (Roche Diagnostics). Compared to controls, patients had no significant decrease of PON1 activity and significantly lower ApoA1, c-HDL levels, and significantly higher levels of TG, APOB, Lp(a) and TC/c-HDL and APOB/ApoA1 ratios. Furthermore, PON1 activity was correlated with TG/c-HDL ratio. The lowest PON1 activity was noted in obese patients, in paranoid sub-type and in patients treated with combination of typical and atypical antipsychotics without significant difference. Moreover, it was associated with gender and cigarette smoking but not with alcohol consumption status. schizophrenic patients had a decrease in PON1 activity and perturbations in their lipid profiles that contribute to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, our results revealed that there was no association between the decrease of PON1 activity and any demographic or clinical characteristics. Therefore, such patients require specific care, particularly with regard to their lipid profile. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia, schizophrenic |
| 6 | Asian J Psychiatr 2014 Jun 9: 36-40 |
| PMID | 24813034 |
| Title | Paraoxonase 1 activity and lipid profile in schizophrenic patients. |
| Abstract | This study aimed to investigate the variations of paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity and lipid profile in patients with schizophrenia and the association of this activity with the sociodemographic, clinical and therapeutical characteristics of this population. Our cross-sectional study included 140 schizophrenic patients and 119 control subjects aged respectively 37.3±10.4 and 41.4±10 years. PON1 activity was determined using Konelab 30? equipment (Thermo Electron Corporation). Plasma total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (c-HDL) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (c-LDL) concentrations were determined using Cobas 6000? (Roche Diagnostics), apolipoproteins (ApoA1, APOB) and lipoprotein (a) (Lp(a)) were determined using Integra 400 plus (Roche Diagnostics). Compared to controls, patients had no significant decrease of PON1 activity and significantly lower ApoA1, c-HDL levels, and significantly higher levels of TG, APOB, Lp(a) and TC/c-HDL and APOB/ApoA1 ratios. Furthermore, PON1 activity was correlated with TG/c-HDL ratio. The lowest PON1 activity was noted in obese patients, in paranoid sub-type and in patients treated with combination of typical and atypical antipsychotics without significant difference. Moreover, it was associated with gender and cigarette smoking but not with alcohol consumption status. schizophrenic patients had a decrease in PON1 activity and perturbations in their lipid profiles that contribute to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, our results revealed that there was no association between the decrease of PON1 activity and any demographic or clinical characteristics. Therefore, such patients require specific care, particularly with regard to their lipid profile. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia, schizophrenic |