| 1 | Korean J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 2008 Aug 12: 205-9 |
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| PMID | 19967057 |
| Title | Association between Interleukin 31 Receptor A Gene Polymorphism and Schizophrenia in Korean Population. |
| Abstract | Recently, Sun et al (2008) reported that the IL6R polymorphism is associated with schizophrenia. Therefore, to detect the association between polymorphisms of interleukin 31 receptor A (IL31RA) and schizophrenia, we genotyped 9 SNPs [rs9292101 (intron 1), rs1009639 (exon 2, Pro43Pro), rs2161582 (intron 2), rs68761890 (intron 5), rs16884629 (intron 6), rs11956465 (intron 12), rs12153724 (intron 12), and rs16884641 (intron 14)] using the Golden Gate assay on Illumina BeadStation 500 GX. Two hundred eighteen patients with schizophrenia and 379 normal subjects were recruited. Patients with schizophrenia were diagnosed according to DSM-IV, and control subjects without history of psychiatric disorders were selected. We used SNPStats, Haploview, HapAnalyzer, SNPAnalyzer, and Helixtree programs for the evaluation of genetic data. Of nine polymorphisms, three SNPs (rs9292101, rs1009639, and rs11956465) were associated with schizophrenia. The rs9292101 and rs11956465 showed significant associations with the risk of schizophrenia in the codominant [rs9292101, odds ratio (OR)=0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.58~0.95, p=0.017] and recessive (rs11956465, OR=0.64, 95% CI=0.42~0.96, p=0.034) models, respectively. The rs1009639 also was statistically related to schizophrenia in both codominant (OR=0.76, 95% CI=0.60~0.97, p=0.025) and dominant (OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.44~0.98, p=0.035) models. Two linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks were made. In the analysis of haplotypes, a haplotype (GCT) in block 1 and a haplotype (CCACAG) in block 2 showed significant associations between schizophrenia and control groups (haplotype GCT, frequency=0.509, chi square=4.199, p=0.040; haplotype CCACAG, frequency=0.289, chi square=5.691, p=0.017). The results suggest that IL31RA may be associated with risk of schizophrenia in Korean population. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia |
| 2 | Schizophr. Res. 2015 Dec 169: 1-9 |
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| PMID | 26481614 |
| Title | Association study of functional polymorphisms in interleukins and interleukin receptors genes: IL1A, IL1B, IL1RN, IL6, IL6R, IL10, IL10RA and TGFB1 in schizophrenia in Polish population. |
| Abstract | schizophrenia has been associated with a large range of autoimmune diseases, with a history of any autoimmune disease being associated with a 45% increase in risk for the illness. The inflammatory system may trigger or modulate the course of schizophrenia through complex mechanisms influencing neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity and neurotransmission. In particular, increases or imbalance in cytokine before birth or during the early stages of life may affect neurodevelopment and produce vulnerability to the disease. A total of 27 polymorphisms of IL1N gene: rs1800587, rs17561; IL1B gene: rs1143634, rs1143643, rs16944, rs4848306, rs1143623, rs1143633, rs1143627; IL1RN gene: rs419598, rs315952, rs9005, rs4251961; IL6 gene: rs1800795, rs1800797; IL6R gene: rs4537545, rs4845617, rs2228145, IL10 gene: rs1800896, rs1800871, rs1800872, rs1800890, rs6676671; IL10RA gene: rs2229113, rs3135932; TGF1B gene: rs1800469, rs1800470; each selected on the basis of molecular evidence for functionality, were investigated in this study. Analysis was performed on a group of 621 patients with diagnosis of schizophrenia and 531 healthy controls in Polish population. An association of rs4848306 in IL1B gene, rs4251961 in IL1RN gene, rs2228145 and rs4537545 in IL6R with schizophrenia have been observed. rs6676671 in IL10 was associated with early age of onset. Strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between analyzed polymorphisms in each gene, except of IL10RA. We observed that haplotypes composed of rs4537545 and rs2228145 in IL6R gene were associated with schizophrenia. Analyses with family history of schizophrenia, other psychiatric disorders and alcohol abuse/dependence did not show any positive findings. Further studies on larger groups along with correlation with circulating protein levels are needed. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia |
| 3 | J. Neuroimmunol. 2015 Aug 285: 62-7 |
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| PMID | 26198920 |
| Title | Family-based association study of interleukin 6 (IL6) and its receptor (IL6R) functional polymorphisms in schizophrenia in the Polish population. |
| Abstract | schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder and its etiology remains incompletely elucidated. Among possible causes, immunological factors have been implicated in its pathogenesis and course. The inflammatory system may trigger or modulate the course of schizophrenia through complex mechanisms influencing neurodevelopment, neuroplasticity and neurotransmission. Recent studies indicate a role of excessive interleukin-6 (IL6) signaling in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Findings regarding changes in the circulating levels of soluble interleukin-6 receptor (sIL6R) in schizophrenia have been equivocal. The study was performed on a group of 147 trio (patients diagnosed with schizophrenia and their healthy parents). Polymorphisms of IL6 (rs1800795, rs1800797) and IL6R (rs4537545, rs4845617, rs2228145) genes were genotyped with the use of TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays. No association of the polymorphisms from IL6 and IL6R genes with schizophrenia was found. We also investigated haplotypes in IL6 gene (consisting of rs1800795 and rs1800797) and in IL6R gene (consisting of rs4537545, rs2228145). We also found no preference in transmission of any haplotype. Our results do not support the theory that polymorphisms of IL6 and IL6R genes are involved in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. It seems advisable to carry out further examinations of the role of these polymorphisms in schizophrenia by means of TDT method and classical (case-control) association method. |
| SCZ Keywords | schizophrenia |