Gene info: ID 1144

Gene: CHRND

GENE ID: 1144

Description: cholinergic receptor nicotinic delta subunit

Gene type: protein-coding

Location: 2q37.1

dbXrefs: Ensembl:ENSG00000135902 MIM:100720 Vega:OTTHUMG00000133261 UniprotKB:Q07001

RefSeq: NG_008028.1

Retrived from: PubMed

SNPs: 0 ANCO-SNPs

Phenotype: ND

# Publications: 4

Sherlock p-value : NA (AD) NA (ND) (Frontal_Cortex)

Pascal p-value : 1.120e-1 (AD) 5.156e-1 (ND)

DNA Methylation

There is no related methylation information for this gene.

Gene Expression in Different Tissues

Temporal and Spatial Expressions (BrainSpan)

Footnote:
SC: sub-cortical regions; SM: sensory-motor regions; FC: frontal cortex; and TP: temporal-parietal cortex
ST1: fetal (13 - 26 postconception weeks), ST2: early infancy to late childhood (4 months to 11 years), and ST3: adolescence to adulthood (13 - 23 years)
The bar shown representes average value of the expressions.

Top Co-expressed Genes in Brain-Frontal Cortex (BA9) (GTEx v7)

Top 10 positively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol	Pearson Correlation Coefficient
MYPN	0.387
ESR2	0.367
MTRNR2L4	0.364
IQUB	0.363
FAM186B	0.362
OVCH1	0.361
LMOD2	0.354
GABRA2	0.348
CHRNG	0.342
SPINK13	0.339

Top 10 negatively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol	Pearson Correlation Coefficient
HOXD1	-0.243
ARHGAP22	-0.237
FIBCD1	-0.236
C16orf82	-0.23
SH2D6	-0.23
CDH1	-0.229
PRCD	-0.227
APOA1	-0.225
GJC2	-0.22
FXYD4	-0.218

ID	Drug Name	Drug Type	CAS Num	Status	Role
DB00674	Galantamine	Small Molecule	357-70-0	Approved	Target

ID	Drug Name	Action	PubMed
C049325	1,2-dithiol-3-thione	"1,2-dithiol-3-thione results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA"	19162173
C511295	2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether	"2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA"	25614096
D000082	Acetaminophen	Acetaminophen results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	22230336
D000082	Acetaminophen	Acetaminophen results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA	26690555
D000109	Acetylcholine	Acetylcholine binds to and results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRND protein binds to CHRNE protein]	22461452
D000109	Acetylcholine	Acetylcholine binds to and results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRNG protein binds to CHRND protein]	22461452
D000109	Acetylcholine	Acetylcholine results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRNE protein binds to CHRND protein]	16931985
D000109	Acetylcholine	Acetylcholine binds to and results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRND protein binds to CHRNE protein]	22461452
D000109	Acetylcholine	Acetylcholine binds to and results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRNG protein binds to CHRND protein]	22461452
D000109	Acetylcholine	Acetylcholine results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRNG protein binds to CHRND protein]	23146756
D000109	Acetylcholine	poly-APS inhibits the reaction [Acetylcholine results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRNG protein binds to CHRND protein]]	23146756
D020106	Acrylamide	Acrylamide affects the expression of CHRND mRNA	28959563
D000535	Aluminum	[APP protein modified form binds to Aluminum] which results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA	21298039
D000643	Ammonium Chloride	Ammonium Chloride affects the expression of CHRND mRNA	16483693
D001280	Atrazine	Atrazine results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA	25929836
D001387	Azinphosmethyl	CHRND protein results in increased susceptibility to Azinphosmethyl	22205996
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	25181051
D002038	Bungarotoxins	Bungarotoxins binds to [NACHRALPHA3 protein co-treated with CHRND protein]	10728888
D002038	Bungarotoxins	Bungarotoxins binds to [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRND protein binds to CHRNG protein]	9336329
D002038	Bungarotoxins	Nicotine inhibits the reaction [Bungarotoxins binds to [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRND protein binds to CHRNG protein]]	9336329
D002038	Bungarotoxins	pozanicline inhibits the reaction [Bungarotoxins binds to [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRND protein binds to CHRNG protein]]	9336329
D004390	Chlorpyrifos	Chlorpyrifos affects the expression of CHRND mRNA	18812211
D003035	Cobalt	[Tungsten co-treated with Nickel co-treated with Cobalt] results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24619124
C018021	cobaltous chloride	cobaltous chloride results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24619124
D016572	Cyclosporine	Cyclosporine results in decreased methylation of CHRND promoter	27989131
D003907	Dexamethasone	Dexamethasone results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA	20032058
D003907	Dexamethasone	Testosterone inhibits the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA]	20032058
D003976	Diazinon	Diazinon results in increased methylation of CHRND gene	22964155
D003976	Diazinon	Diazinon affects the expression of CHRND mRNA	17452286
C082748	epibatidine	epibatidine binds to [NACHRALPHA3 protein co-treated with CHRND protein]	10728888
D005038	Ethylnitrosourea	Ethylnitrosourea results in increased mutagenesis of CHRND gene	16495775
D005419	Flavonoids	Flavonoids results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	18035473
C010176	halofuginone	halofuginone results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	17180598
D007213	Indomethacin	Indomethacin results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA	28201806
D007501	Iron	[Tungsten co-treated with Nickel co-treated with Iron] results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24619124
C561695	(+)-JQ1 compound	(+)-JQ1 compound results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	26752646
C482199	lipopolysaccharide, E coli O55-B5	"lipopolysaccharide, E coli O55-B5 results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA"	11578593
D008741	Methyl Methanesulfonate	Methyl Methanesulfonate results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	26011545
D015655	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA	24810058
D009532	Nickel	[Tungsten co-treated with Nickel co-treated with Cobalt] results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24619124
D009532	Nickel	[Tungsten co-treated with Nickel co-treated with Iron] results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24619124
C022838	nickel chloride	nickel chloride results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24619124
D009538	Nicotine	Nicotine inhibits the reaction [Bungarotoxins binds to [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRND protein binds to CHRNG protein]]	9336329
C053765	N-methylcarbamylcholine	N-methylcarbamylcholine binds to [NACHRALPHA3 protein co-treated with CHRND protein]	10728888
D010936	Plant Extracts	Plant Extracts results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	23557933
C115254	poly-APS	poly-APS inhibits the reaction [Acetylcholine results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRNG protein binds to CHRND protein]]	23146756
C108326	pozanicline	pozanicline inhibits the reaction [Bungarotoxins binds to [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRND protein binds to CHRNG protein]]	9336329
D012822	Silicon Dioxide	Silicon Dioxide analog results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	25895662
D012906	Smoke	Smoke analog results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24607864
D012906	Smoke	Smoke analog results in increased expression of CHRND protein	24607864
C016104	sodium bichromate	sodium bichromate results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24612858
D053260	Soot	Soot results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA	26551751
C560328	sulfoxaflor	sulfoxaflor binds to and results in increased activity of [CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNA1 protein binds to CHRNB1 protein binds to CHRNG protein binds to CHRND protein]	22461452
D013739	Testosterone	Testosterone inhibits the reaction [Dexamethasone results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA]	20032058
C020806	tetrabromobisphenol A	tetrabromobisphenol A results in increased expression of CHRND mRNA	25172293
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin affects the expression of CHRND mRNA	21570461
C012589	trichostatin A	trichostatin A results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	15901671
C013320	tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate	tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate affects the expression of CHRND mRNA	29024780
D014414	Tungsten	[Tungsten co-treated with Nickel co-treated with Cobalt] results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24619124
D014414	Tungsten	[Tungsten co-treated with Nickel co-treated with Iron] results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	24619124
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid results in increased methylation of CHRND gene	29154799
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid results in decreased expression of CHRND mRNA	15901671
D001335	Vehicle Emissions	Vehicle Emissions results in increased methylation of CHRND gene	25560391

GO/Pathway

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0004888	transmembrane signaling receptor activity	-	IEA	-
GO:0005230	extracellular ligand-gated ion channel activity	CONTRIBUTES_TO	IBA	21873635
GO:0015276	ligand-gated ion channel activity	-	TAS	-
GO:0015464	acetylcholine receptor activity	CONTRIBUTES_TO	IBA	21873635
GO:0042166	acetylcholine binding	CONTRIBUTES_TO	IBA	21873635

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0003009	skeletal muscle contraction	-	IEA	-
GO:0006936	muscle contraction	-	TAS	8872460
GO:0007165	signal transduction	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0007165	signal transduction	-	TAS	8872460
GO:0007268	chemical synaptic transmission	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0007271	synaptic transmission, cholinergic	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0007274	neuromuscular synaptic transmission	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0034220	ion transmembrane transport	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0035094	response to nicotine	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0042391	regulation of membrane potential	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0048630	skeletal muscle tissue growth	-	IMP	18252226
GO:0050877	nervous system process	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0050881	musculoskeletal movement	-	IMP	18252226
GO:0050905	neuromuscular process	-	NAS	18252226
GO:0060079	excitatory postsynaptic potential	-	IEA	-

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	-	IDA	-
GO:0005829	cytosol	-	IDA	-
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	-	IDA	-
GO:0005886	plasma membrane	-	TAS	-
GO:0005887	integral component of plasma membrane	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0005892	acetylcholine-gated channel complex	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0030054	cell junction	-	IEA	-
GO:0043005	neuron projection	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0045202	synapse	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0045211	postsynaptic membrane	-	NAS	18252226

KEGG ID	KEGG Term
hsa04080	Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction

Reactome ID	Reactome Term	Evidence
R-HSA-112314	Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission	TAS
R-HSA-112315	Transmission across Chemical Synapses	TAS
R-HSA-112316	Neuronal System	TAS
R-HSA-181431	Acetylcholine binding and downstream events	TAS
R-HSA-622323	Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors	TAS
R-HSA-622327	Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors	TAS
R-HSA-629587	Highly sodium permeable acetylcholine nicotinic receptors	TAS
R-HSA-629602	Activation of Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors	TAS

Interactions (STRING v10.5, Interaction Score >= 0.400)

Publications (Co-occurrence of gene symbol strings and ANCO-Dependence terms)

PMID	Title (Year)	Author	Journal
21498873	Associations of nicotine intake measures with CHRN genes in Finnish smokers. (2011 Aug)	Keskitalo-Vuokko K	Nicotine Tob Res
20584212	Multiple cholinergic nicotinic receptor genes affect nicotine dependence risk in African and European Americans. (2010 Oct)	Saccone NL	Genes Brain Behav
20840187	Peer smoking and the nicotinic receptor genes: an examination of genetic and environmental risks for nicotine dependence. (2010 Nov)	Johnson EO	Addiction
25424692	Cigarette smoking reduces DNA methylation levels at multiple genomic loci but the effect is partially reversible upon cessation. (2014 Oct)	Tsaprouni LG	Epigenetics