Gene: PADI4

23569
PAD|PAD4|PADI5|PDI4|PDI5
peptidyl arginine deiminase 4
protein-coding
1p36.13
Ensembl:ENSG00000159339 MIM:605347 Vega:OTTHUMG00000002371 UniprotKB:Q9UM07
NG_023261.2
PubMed
ND
11   
8.113e-1 (AD)  7.038e-1 (ND)   (Frontal_Cortex)
7.821e-1 (AD)  4.260e-1 (ND)

DNA Methylation

There is no related methylation information for this gene.

Gene Expression in Different Tissues

Temporal and Spatial Expressions (BrainSpan)

Footnote:
SC: sub-cortical regions; SM: sensory-motor regions; FC: frontal cortex; and TP: temporal-parietal cortex
ST1: fetal (13 - 26 postconception weeks), ST2: early infancy to late childhood (4 months to 11 years), and ST3: adolescence to adulthood (13 - 23 years)
The bar shown representes average value of the expressions.

Top Co-expressed Genes in Brain-Frontal Cortex (BA9) (GTEx v7)

Top 10 positively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol Pearson Correlation Coefficient
OLFM40.451
MMP90.346
MYO1B0.345
ACTC10.345
PDE6H0.325
NEUROD10.324
RMDN20.317
GRB140.314
SPATA6L0.313
RFX30.312

Top 10 negatively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol Pearson Correlation Coefficient
FIBCD1-0.316
SMIM6-0.301
FOXO6-0.272
DMRT2-0.268
BTBD16-0.267
PTPRH-0.266
SHB-0.266
SEMA3E-0.262
GJC2-0.26
SH2D6-0.258

Drugs/Compounds

ID Drug Name Drug Type CAS Num Status Role
DB00155L-CitrullineSmall Molecule372-75-8Approved|Investigational|NutraceuticalTarget
DB00207AzithromycinSmall Molecule83905-01-5ApprovedTarget
DB00254DoxycyclineSmall Molecule564-25-0Approved|InvestigationalTarget
DB00759TetracyclineSmall Molecule60-54-8ApprovedTarget
DB01082StreptomycinSmall Molecule57-92-1ApprovedTarget
DB07449N-[(1S)-1-(AMINOCARBONYL)-4-(ETHANIMIDOYLAMINO)BUTYL]BENZAMIDESmall MoleculeExperimentalTarget
ID Drug Name Action PubMed
C0284741,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene"1,4-bis(2-(3,5-dichloropyridyloxy))benzene results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"28903501
C0297902,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl"[2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with PCB 180] results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"25510870
C0817662,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl"[2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with PCB 180] results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"25510870
C0140242,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl"[2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with PCB 180] results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"25510870
C0098282,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl"[2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with PCB 180] results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"25510870
C0094072,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl"[2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with PCB 180] results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"25510870
C0495842-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine"2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine results in decreased expression of PADI4 mRNA"12376462
C0095054,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane"4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"18648102
D016604Aflatoxin B1Aflatoxin B1 results in increased methylation of PADI4 gene27153756
C103303alitretinoinalitretinoin results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA15964820
C103303alitretinoinDimethyl Sulfoxide promotes the reaction [alitretinoin results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA]15964820
D000643Ammonium ChlorideAmmonium Chloride affects the expression of PADI4 mRNA16483693
D004958EstradiolEstradiol promotes the reaction [ESR2 protein affects the expression of PADI4 mRNA]20404318
D004958EstradiolEstradiol results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA19484750
C006780bisphenol Abisphenol A results in decreased expression of PADI4 mRNA25181051
D013759DronabinolDronabinol results in decreased expression of PADI4 mRNA16616335
D004041Dietary FatsDietary Fats results in decreased expression of PADI4 mRNA25016146
D0151279,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene"9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"22485181
D0151279,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene"9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene results in decreased expression of PADI4 mRNA"12376462
D004121Dimethyl SulfoxideDimethyl Sulfoxide promotes the reaction [alitretinoin results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA]15964820
D004997Ethinyl EstradiolEthinyl Estradiol results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA17557909
C509292F-amidineF-amidine results in decreased activity of PADI4 protein21882827
D005557FormaldehydeFormaldehyde results in decreased expression of PADI4 mRNA28937961
C039281furanfuran results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA27387713
D007854LeadLead results in decreased expression of PADI4 mRNA19921347
C568520N-alpha-(2-carboxyl)benzoyl-N5-(2-chloro-1-iminoethyl)ornithine amideN-alpha-(2-carboxyl)benzoyl-N5-(2-chloro-1-iminoethyl)ornithine amide results in increased expression of PADI4 protein21882827
C568520N-alpha-(2-carboxyl)benzoyl-N5-(2-chloro-1-iminoethyl)ornithine amideN-alpha-(2-carboxyl)benzoyl-N5-(2-chloro-1-iminoethyl)ornithine amide results in decreased activity of PADI4 protein21882827
C568519N-alpha-(2-carboxyl)benzoyl-N5-(2-fluoro-1-iminoethyl)ornithine amideN-alpha-(2-carboxyl)benzoyl-N5-(2-fluoro-1-iminoethyl)ornithine amide results in increased expression of PADI4 protein21882827
C568519N-alpha-(2-carboxyl)benzoyl-N5-(2-fluoro-1-iminoethyl)ornithine amideN-alpha-(2-carboxyl)benzoyl-N5-(2-fluoro-1-iminoethyl)ornithine amide results in decreased activity of PADI4 protein21882827
D037742Nanotubes, Carbon"Nanotubes, Carbon analog results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"25554681
C030110oxaliplatin[oxaliplatin co-treated with Topotecan] results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA25729387
C030110oxaliplatinoxaliplatin results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA25729387
C410127PCB 180"[2,4,4'-trichlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',5'-pentachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,2',3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with PCB 180] results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA"25510870
D011285Pregnenolone CarbonitrilePregnenolone Carbonitrile results in decreased expression of PADI4 mRNA28903501
D011285Pregnenolone CarbonitrilePregnenolone Carbonitrile results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA19162173
D011441PropylthiouracilPropylthiouracil results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA24780913
C513635S-2-pentyl-4-pentynoic hydroxamic acidS-2-pentyl-4-pentynoic hydroxamic acid results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA21427059
C016766sulforafansulforafan results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA26833863
D014284TriiodothyronineTriiodothyronine results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA15953391
D013749TetrachlorodibenzodioxinTetrachlorodibenzodioxin affects the expression of PADI4 mRNA21570461
C009495titanium dioxidetitanium dioxide results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA23557971
D014028Tobacco Smoke PollutionTobacco Smoke Pollution affects the expression of PADI4 mRNA20133372
D019772Topotecan[oxaliplatin co-treated with Topotecan] results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA25729387
C015559trimellitic anhydridetrimellitic anhydride results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA19042947
D014635Valproic AcidValproic Acid results in increased methylation of PADI4 gene29154799
D014635Valproic AcidValproic Acid results in increased expression of PADI4 mRNA21427059

GO/Pathway

GO ID GO Term Qualifier Evidence PubMed
GO:0004668protein-arginine deiminase activity-IBA21873635  
GO:0004668protein-arginine deiminase activity-IDA15339660  16567635  
GO:0004668protein-arginine deiminase activity-IMP15247907  
GO:0004668protein-arginine deiminase activity-TAS-  
GO:0005509calcium ion binding-IDA16567635  
GO:0005509calcium ion binding-IMP15247907  
GO:0005515protein binding-IPI21584310  25416956  
GO:0016990arginine deiminase activity-IDA21584310  
GO:0034618arginine binding-IMP15247907  
GO:0042803protein homodimerization activity-IMP15247907  
GO ID GO Term Qualifier Evidence PubMed
GO:0006325chromatin organization-ISS-  
GO:0006325chromatin organization-TAS-  
GO:0006334nucleosome assembly-ISS-  
GO:0006338chromatin remodeling-ISS-  
GO:0006351transcription, DNA-templated-IEA-  
GO:0006355regulation of transcription, DNA-templated-IEA-  
GO:0006464cellular protein modification process-TAS10488123  
GO:0018101protein citrullination-IDA21584310  
GO:0018101protein citrullination-IMP15247907  
GO:0019546arginine deiminase pathway-IMP15247907  
GO:0019827stem cell population maintenance-ISS-  
GO:0036413histone H3-R26 citrullination-IDA15339660  16567635  
GO:0036414histone citrullination-IBA21873635  
GO:0036414histone citrullination-IDA15339660  16567635  
GO:0045087innate immune response-IEA-  
GO ID GO Term Qualifier Evidence PubMed
GO:0005634nucleus-IBA21873635  
GO:0005634nucleus-IDA15339660  
GO:0005654nucleoplasm-TAS-  
GO:0005737cytoplasm-IBA21873635  
GO:0005829cytosol-TAS-  
GO:0032991protein-containing complex-IMP15247907  
KEGG ID KEGG Term
Reactome ID Reactome Term Evidence
R-HSA-3247509Chromatin modifying enzymesTAS
R-HSA-4839726Chromatin organizationTAS

Interactions (STRING v10.5, Interaction Score >= 0.400)

Publications (Co-occurrence of gene symbol strings and ANCO-Dependence terms)

PMID Title (Year) Author Journal
19252239[Recent advances in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis]. (2009 Mar)Kawabata KClin Calcium
20537173Peptidyl arginine deiminase type IV (PADI4) haplotypes interact with shared epitope regardless of anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibody or erosive joint status in rheumatoid arthritis: a case control study. (2010)Bang SYArthritis Res Ther
20234359Ethnogenetic heterogeneity of rheumatoid arthritis-implications for pathogenesis. (2010 May)Kochi YNat Rev Rheumatol
23288628Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis - a comprehensive review. (2013 Oct)Kurko JClin Rev Allergy Immunol
18466513Evaluating gene x gene and gene x smoking interaction in rheumatoid arthritis using candidate genes in GAW15. (2007)Mei LBMC Proc
29287593Upregulation of citrullination pathway: From Autoimmune to Idiopathic Lung Fibrosis. (2017 Dec 29)Samara KDRespir Res
20453439Genetic background of tolerance breakdown in rheumatoid arthritis. (2010)Kochi YNihon Rinsho Meneki Gakkai Kaishi
21802972Does brachydactyly have a protective effect on the erosive changes in rheumatoid arthritis? (2012 May)Bang SYJoint Bone Spine
23577190PADI4 and HLA-DRB1 are genetic risks for radiographic progression in RA patients, independent of ACPA status: results from the IORRA cohort study. (2013)Suzuki TPLoS One
21062850PADI4 polymorphism predisposes male smokers to rheumatoid arthritis. (2011 Mar)Kochi YAnn Rheum Dis
21960546Peptidylarginine deiminases present in the airways during tobacco smoking and inflammation can citrullinate the host defense peptide LL-37, resulting in altered activities. (2012 Feb)Kilsgard OAm J Respir Cell Mol Biol