Gene info: ID 2717

Gene: GLA

GENE ID: 2717

Synonyms: GALA

Description: galactosidase alpha

Gene type: protein-coding

Location: Xq22.1

dbXrefs: Ensembl:ENSG00000102393 MIM:300644 Vega:OTTHUMG00000022026 UniprotKB:P06280

RefSeq: NG_007119.1

Retrived from: PubMed

SNPs: 0 ANCO-SNPs

Phenotype: ND|AD

# Publications: 19

Sherlock p-value : NA (AD) NA (ND) (Frontal_Cortex)

Pascal p-value : NA (AD) NA (ND)

DNA Methylation

There is no related methylation information for this gene.

Gene Expression in Different Tissues

Temporal and Spatial Expressions (BrainSpan)

Footnote:
SC: sub-cortical regions; SM: sensory-motor regions; FC: frontal cortex; and TP: temporal-parietal cortex
ST1: fetal (13 - 26 postconception weeks), ST2: early infancy to late childhood (4 months to 11 years), and ST3: adolescence to adulthood (13 - 23 years)
The bar shown representes average value of the expressions.

Top Co-expressed Genes in Brain-Frontal Cortex (BA9) (GTEx v7)

Top 10 positively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol	Pearson Correlation Coefficient
EIF4A3	0.8
ADPGK	0.785
CWC25	0.779
PTPN2	0.777
SLC10A3	0.773
PDIA3	0.771
GNL2	0.765
UTP6	0.761
HEXB	0.76
EIF4A1	0.758

Top 10 negatively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol	Pearson Correlation Coefficient
OR4F5	-0.458
OR4F29	-0.439
DIAPH3	-0.23
KCNJ16	-0.226
BTBD8	-0.206
PDE11A	-0.204
GPR17	-0.179
PRDM14	-0.176
SPATA3	-0.174
OR2A14	-0.173

ID	Drug Name	Drug Type	CAS Num	Status	Role
DB05018	Migalastat	Small Molecule		Approved\|Investigational	Target

ID	Drug Name	Action	PubMed
C063002	2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone	"2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone results in increased expression of GLA mRNA"	17547211
C009505	4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane	"4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane results in increased expression of GLA mRNA"	18648102
C459179	4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	"[NOG protein co-treated with Phenylmercuric Acetate co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in increased expression of GLA mRNA"	27188386
C517041	(4-amino-1,4-dihydro-3-(2-pyridyl)-5-thioxo-1,2,4-triazole)copper(II)	"(4-amino-1,4-dihydro-3-(2-pyridyl)-5-thioxo-1,2,4-triazole)copper(II) results in increased expression of GLA mRNA"	19561079
C516138	(6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine	"[NOG protein co-treated with Phenylmercuric Acetate co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in increased expression of GLA mRNA"	27188386
C020738	9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene	"9,10-dihydro-9,10-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of GLA mRNA"	26238291
D000082	Acetaminophen	Acetaminophen results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	26690555
D000082	Acetaminophen	Acetaminophen results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	21420995
D016604	Aflatoxin B1	Aflatoxin B1 affects the expression of GLA protein	20106945
D000965	Antimony	Antimony results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17547211
D000966	Antimony Potassium Tartrate	Antimony Potassium Tartrate results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17547211
D018501	Antirheumatic Agents	Antirheumatic Agents results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	24449571
C006632	arsenic trioxide	arsenic trioxide results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17547211
D001205	Ascorbic Acid	Ascorbic Acid results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	21281732
D019324	beta-Naphthoflavone	beta-Naphthoflavone results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19737606
D001564	Benzo(a)pyrene	Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	20106945\|2163298
D001564	Benzo(a)pyrene	Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19770486\|2071347
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A affects the expression of GLA mRNA	21786754
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A results in decreased methylation of GLA promoter	27312807
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A results in increased methylation of GLA gene	28505145
D000069286	Bortezomib	Bortezomib results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	20977926
D020122	tert-Butylhydroperoxide	tert-Butylhydroperoxide results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	14729362
D019256	Cadmium Chloride	Cadmium Chloride results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	23741332
D002220	Carbamazepine	Carbamazepine affects the expression of GLA mRNA	25979313
D002251	Carbon Tetrachloride	Carbon Tetrachloride affects the expression of GLA mRNA	17484886
C018021	cobaltous chloride	cobaltous chloride results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19320972
D003300	Copper	[NSC 689534 binds to Copper] which results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	20971185
D019327	Copper Sulfate	Copper Sulfate results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19549813
D003375	Coumestrol	[Coumestrol co-treated with resveratrol] results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19167446
D003375	Coumestrol	Coumestrol results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19167446
C029892	cupric chloride	cupric chloride results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17211630
D016572	Cyclosporine	Cyclosporine results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	27989131
D016572	Cyclosporine	Cyclosporine results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	20106945\|2556210
D016047	Zalcitabine	"[gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 co-treated with Zalcitabine] results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA"	18606552
D003993	Dibutyl Phthalate	Dibutyl Phthalate results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	21266533
C000944	dicrotophos	dicrotophos results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	28302478
D002117	Calcitriol	Calcitriol results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	21592394
D002117	Calcitriol	[Testosterone co-treated with Calcitriol] results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	21592394
D004128	Dimethylnitrosamine	Dimethylnitrosamine results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17547211
C512195	elesclomol	elesclomol results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	18723479
D005472	Fluorouracil	GLA protein affects the susceptibility to Fluorouracil	16217747
D005485	Flutamide	Flutamide analog results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17702527
D005485	Flutamide	Flutamide results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17702527
D005557	Formaldehyde	Formaldehyde results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	23649840
C039281	furan	furan results in increased methylation of GLA gene	22079235
D005947	Glucose	Glucose results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17178593
D005947	Glucose	[INS protein co-treated with Glucose] results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	22634610
D005947	Glucose	[INS protein co-treated with Glucose] results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	22634610
C514793	gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1	"[gp120 protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1 co-treated with Zalcitabine] results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA"	18606552
D017313	Fenretinide	Fenretinide results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	28973697
D012701	Serotonin	GLA protein affects the susceptibility to Serotonin	18565198
D006830	Hydralazine	[Hydralazine co-treated with Valproic Acid] results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17183730
D015759	Ionomycin	[Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate co-treated with Ionomycin] affects the expression of GLA mRNA	25613284
C410337	K 7174	K 7174 results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	24086573
D008628	Mercury	Mercury results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17547211
D020366	Methylmethacrylate	Methylmethacrylate results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	16916219
C090092	migalastat	[GLA protein mutant form binds to GLA protein mutant form] which results in decreased susceptibility to migalastat	22773828
D037742	Nanotubes, Carbon	"Nanotubes, Carbon analog results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA"	25554681
D037742	Nanotubes, Carbon	"Nanotubes, Carbon results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA"	25554681
C022838	nickel chloride	nickel chloride results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17547211
C558013	NSC 689534	[NSC 689534 binds to Copper] which results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	20971185
D052638	Particulate Matter	Particulate Matter results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	24769257
D010634	Phenobarbital	Phenobarbital affects the expression of GLA mRNA	19159669
D010656	Phenylephrine	GLA protein affects the susceptibility to Phenylephrine	18565198
D010662	Phenylmercuric Acetate	"[NOG protein co-treated with Phenylmercuric Acetate co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in increased expression of GLA mRNA"	27188386
D010662	Phenylmercuric Acetate	Phenylmercuric Acetate results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	26272509
C006253	pirinixic acid	pirinixic acid results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	18301758
D010894	Piroxicam	Piroxicam results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	21858171
C045950	propiconazole	propiconazole results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	21278054
D011794	Quercetin	Quercetin results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	21632981
C059514	resveratrol	[Coumestrol co-treated with resveratrol] results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19167446
D012402	Rotenone	Rotenone results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17702527
D012822	Silicon Dioxide	Silicon Dioxide results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19073995
D012834	Silver	Silver results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	26014281
C017947	sodium arsenite	sodium arsenite results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	28595984
D012999	Soman	Soman results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	19281266
D013739	Testosterone	[Testosterone co-treated with Calcitriol] results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	21592394
D013739	Testosterone	Testosterone results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	21592394
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	20106945\|2149626
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin affects the expression of GLA mRNA	21570461
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	19465110
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	21496263
D013755	Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate	[Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate co-treated with Ionomycin] affects the expression of GLA mRNA	25613284
D014028	Tobacco Smoke Pollution	Tobacco Smoke Pollution results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	22363418
D014028	Tobacco Smoke Pollution	Tobacco Smoke Pollution affects the expression of GLA mRNA	20133372
D014415	Tunicamycin	Tunicamycin results in decreased expression of GLA mRNA	22378314
D014635	Valproic Acid	[Hydralazine co-treated with Valproic Acid] results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	17183730
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid affects the expression of GLA mRNA	25979313
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	23179753\|2915479
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid affects the expression of GLA mRNA	17292431
D001335	Vehicle Emissions	Vehicle Emissions results in increased methylation of GLA gene	25560391
C025643	vinclozolin	vinclozolin affects the expression of GLA mRNA	19015723
C029297	vinylidene chloride	vinylidene chloride results in increased expression of GLA mRNA	26682919
C088658	zoledronic acid	zoledronic acid results in decreased expression of GLA protein	28871336

GO/Pathway

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0003824	catalytic activity	-	IDA	39940
GO:0004557	alpha-galactosidase activity	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0004557	alpha-galactosidase activity	-	IDA	39940 27211852
GO:0004557	alpha-galactosidase activity	-	IMP	16372133
GO:0004557	alpha-galactosidase activity	-	TAS	-
GO:0005102	signaling receptor binding	-	IDA	1332979
GO:0005515	protein binding	-	IPI	1332979 6313412
GO:0016787	hydrolase activity	-	TAS	7911050
GO:0016936	galactoside binding	-	IEA	-
GO:0042803	protein homodimerization activity	-	IDA	6256390
GO:0052692	raffinose alpha-galactosidase activity	-	IEA	-

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0006687	glycosphingolipid metabolic process	-	TAS	-
GO:0009311	oligosaccharide metabolic process	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0009311	oligosaccharide metabolic process	-	IDA	39940
GO:0016139	glycoside catabolic process	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0043312	neutrophil degranulation	-	TAS	-
GO:0045019	negative regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process	-	ISS	-
GO:0046477	glycosylceramide catabolic process	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0046477	glycosylceramide catabolic process	-	ISS	-
GO:0046479	glycosphingolipid catabolic process	-	TAS	2160973
GO:0051001	negative regulation of nitric-oxide synthase activity	-	ISS	-

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0005576	extracellular region	-	IDA	3029062
GO:0005576	extracellular region	-	IMP	1332979
GO:0005576	extracellular region	-	TAS	-
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0005737	cytoplasm	-	IMP	1332979
GO:0005764	lysosome	-	IMP	1332979
GO:0005764	lysosome	-	TAS	3029062
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	-	IMP	1332979
GO:0035578	azurophil granule lumen	-	TAS	-
GO:0043202	lysosomal lumen	-	TAS	-
GO:0070062	extracellular exosome	-	HDA	23533145

KEGG ID	KEGG Term
hsa00052	Galactose metabolism
hsa00561	Glycerolipid metabolism
hsa00600	Sphingolipid metabolism
hsa00603	Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis - globo series
hsa04142	Lysosome

Reactome ID	Reactome Term	Evidence
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism	TAS
R-HSA-1660662	Glycosphingolipid metabolism	TAS
R-HSA-168249	Innate Immune System	TAS
R-HSA-168256	Immune System	TAS
R-HSA-428157	Sphingolipid metabolism	TAS
R-HSA-556833	Metabolism of lipids	TAS
R-HSA-6798695	Neutrophil degranulation	TAS

Interactions (STRING v10.5, Interaction Score >= 0.400)

Publications (Co-occurrence of gene symbol strings and ANCO-Dependence terms)

PMID	Title (Year)	Author	Journal
8274181	Mineral metabolism, osteoblastic function and bone mass in chronic alcoholism. (1993 Sep)	Gonzalez-Calvin JL	Alcohol Alcohol
20301469	Fabry Disease (1993)	Mehta A	-
6270521	Loss of delta-6-desaturase activity as a key factor in aging. (1981 Sep)	Horrobin DF	Med Hypotheses
6253773	A biochemical basis for alcoholism and alcohol-induced damage including the fetal alcohol syndrome and cirrhosis: interference with essential fatty acid and prostaglandin metabolism. (1980 Sep)	Horrobin DF	Med Hypotheses
26102738	1D.03: INACTIVE MATRIX GLA PROTEIN IS ASSOCIATED WITH RENAL RESISTIVE INDEX IN A POPULATION-BASED STUDY. (2015 Jun)	Pivin E	J Hypertens
29713479	Pulmonary involvement in Fabry disease: effect of plasma globotriaosylsphingosine and time to initiation of enzyme replacement therapy. (2018)	Franzen D	BMJ Open Respir Res
19204017	Association of kidney function and uncarboxylated matrix Gla protein: data from the Heart and Soul Study. (2009 Jul)	Parker BD	Nephrol Dial Transplant
2953749	Increased bone turnover during gonadotropin-releasing hormone superagonist-induced ovulation inhibition. (1987 Jul)	Gudmundsson JA	J Clin Endocrinol Metab
22820716	Warfarin use and prevalence of coronary artery calcification assessed by multislice computed tomography. (2014 May-Jun)	Palaniswamy C	Am J Ther
19345526	[Origin of the mediacalcosis in kidney failure]. (2009 May)	Torres PA	J Mal Vasc
1609627	Longitudinal study of bone metabolism after ethanol withdrawal in alcoholic patients. (1992 Apr)	Pepersack T	J Bone Miner Res
19793187	Warfarin use and the risk of valvular calcification. (2009 Dec)	Lerner RG	J Thromb Haemost
15045141	Matrix Gla protein is associated with coronary artery calcification as assessed by electron-beam computed tomography. (2004 Apr)	Jono S	Thromb Haemost
28933309	Cigarette smoking is associated with decreased Bone Gla-protein (BGP) levels in hemodialysis patients. (2017 Sep 19)	Fusaro M	Curr Vasc Pharmacol
27838246	Osteoporosis and ischemic cardiovascular disease. (2017 Jul)	Laroche M	Joint Bone Spine
19468238	Risk factors for cardiovascular calcifications in non-diabetic Caucasian haemodialysis patients. (2009)	Schlieper G	Kidney Blood Press Res
20486996	Calcium scores and matrix Gla protein levels: association with vitamin K status. (2010 Apr)	Rennenberg RJ	Eur J Clin Invest
23332617	Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-a) in Fabry disease: association with cutaneous and systemic manifestations with vascular involvement. (2013 Mar)	Zampetti A	Cytokine
25987667	Inactive Matrix Gla-Protein Is Associated With Arterial Stiffness in an Adult Population-Based Study. (2015 Jul)	Pivin E	Hypertension