Gene info: ID 51083

Gene: GAL

GENE ID: 51083

Synonyms: ETL8|GAL-GMAP|GALN|GLNN|GMAP

Description: galanin and GMAP prepropeptide

Gene type: protein-coding

Location: 11q13.2

dbXrefs: Ensembl:ENSG00000069482 MIM:137035 Vega:OTTHUMG00000167890 UniprotKB:P22466

RefSeq: NG_052785.1

Retrived from: PubMed

SNPs: 0 ANCO-SNPs

Phenotype: OD|ND|AD

# Publications: 21

Sherlock p-value : 6.616e-1 (AD) 2.555e-1 (ND) (Frontal_Cortex)

Pascal p-value : 5.509e-1 (AD) 4.622e-1 (ND)

DNA Methylation

There is no related methylation information for this gene.

Gene Expression in Different Tissues

Temporal and Spatial Expressions (BrainSpan)

Footnote:
SC: sub-cortical regions; SM: sensory-motor regions; FC: frontal cortex; and TP: temporal-parietal cortex
ST1: fetal (13 - 26 postconception weeks), ST2: early infancy to late childhood (4 months to 11 years), and ST3: adolescence to adulthood (13 - 23 years)
The bar shown representes average value of the expressions.

Top Co-expressed Genes in Brain-Frontal Cortex (BA9) (GTEx v7)

Top 10 positively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol	Pearson Correlation Coefficient
PPP1R17	0.67
C22orf42	0.617
LHX9	0.615
CCDC140	0.609
HCRT	0.608
NTS	0.602
GHRH	0.602
PAGE4	0.601
OTP	0.601
HMX3	0.599

Top 10 negatively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol	Pearson Correlation Coefficient
ANGPTL1	-0.439
EMX2	-0.436
PRSS35	-0.41
RANBP3L	-0.408
SLC15A2	-0.402
PARD3B	-0.4
FUT10	-0.397
TTPA	-0.395
AMOT	-0.395
CDC14A	-0.394

There is no DrugBank record for this gene !

ID	Drug Name	Action	PubMed
C017487	2-mercaptoacetate	2-mercaptoacetate results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	9729239
C017487	2-mercaptoacetate	2-mercaptoacetate results in decreased expression of GAL protein	9729239
C459179	4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	"[NOG protein co-treated with entinostat co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C459179	4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	"[NOG protein co-treated with mercuric bromide co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C459179	4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	"[NOG protein co-treated with p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C459179	4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide	"[NOG protein co-treated with Phenylmercuric Acetate co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C029370	4-toluidine	4-toluidine results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	27638505
C516138	(6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine	"[NOG protein co-treated with entinostat co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C516138	(6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine	"[NOG protein co-treated with mercuric bromide co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C516138	(6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine	"[NOG protein co-treated with p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C516138	(6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine	"[NOG protein co-treated with Phenylmercuric Acetate co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C552254	(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methyl(1-((6-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino-1-((4-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-7-yl)amino)-1-oxohexan-2-yl)amino)-3-cyclohexyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate	"(9H-fluoren-9-yl)methyl(1-((6-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino-1-((4-methyl-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinolin-7-yl)amino)-1-oxohexan-2-yl)amino)-3-cyclohexyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl)carbamate promotes the reaction [GAL protein results in increased activity of GALR2 protein]"	20660766
D016604	Aflatoxin B1	Aflatoxin B1 results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	27153756
D000447	Aldehydes	Aldehydes results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	25014914
C069357	alpha-methylhistamine	alpha-methylhistamine results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	11956952
D000639	Amitriptyline	Amitriptyline results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	22341215
D017311	Amlodipine	[Nicorandil co-treated with Amlodipine] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in decreased activity of GAL protein]	14499179
D017311	Amlodipine	[Nicorandil co-treated with Amlodipine] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	11829124\|1449917
D000643	Ammonium Chloride	Ammonium Chloride affects the expression of GAL mRNA	16483693
D001205	Ascorbic Acid	[ferulic acid co-treated with Ascorbic Acid] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	17045618
D001564	Benzo(a)pyrene	Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	21839799
D015123	7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide	"7,8-Dihydro-7,8-dihydroxybenzo(a)pyrene 9,10-oxide results in increased expression of GAL mRNA"	19150397
D004958	Estradiol	Estradiol affects the expression of GAL mRNA	22574217
D004958	Estradiol	[Estradiol co-treated with Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	19619570
D004958	Estradiol	Estradiol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	16202921\|1961957
D004958	Estradiol	Estradiol affects the expression of GAL mRNA	15598610
D004958	Estradiol	Dizocilpine Maleate inhibits the reaction [[Estradiol co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	8730651
D004958	Estradiol	[Estradiol co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	8730651
D004958	Estradiol	[Estradiol co-treated with Testosterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	11375906
D001622	Betaine	Betaine inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in decreased activity of GAL protein]	19294532
D001622	Betaine	Betaine inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	19294532
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A affects the expression of GAL mRNA	25181051
C099813	bromochloroacetic acid	bromochloroacetic acid results in increased expression of GAL protein	21296659
C018475	butyraldehyde	butyraldehyde results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26079696
C584509	C646 compound	C646 compound results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	26191083
D002104	Cadmium	Cadmium results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	21120746
D002211	Capsaicin	GAL protein results in decreased susceptibility to Capsaicin	17999197
D002211	Capsaicin	Capsaicin results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	18553211\|8971780
D002211	Capsaicin	GAL protein promotes the reaction [Capsaicin results in increased secretion of TAC1 protein alternative form]	19112407
C010063	carbonyl sulfide	carbonyl sulfide results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	19395590
D002351	Carrageenan	GAL protein results in decreased susceptibility to Carrageenan	17999197
D020245	p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid	"[NOG protein co-treated with p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
D020245	p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid	p-Chloromercuribenzoic Acid results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	26272509
D004390	Chlorpyrifos	Chlorpyrifos results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	20682304
D002994	Clofibrate	Clofibrate results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	17585979
D003000	Clonidine	Clonidine results in increased activity of GAL protein	10818254
D003042	Cocaine	GAL protein inhibits the reaction [Cocaine results in increased phosphorylation of and results in increased activity of MAPK1 protein]	19099295
D003042	Cocaine	GAL protein inhibits the reaction [Cocaine results in increased phosphorylation of and results in increased activity of MAPK3 protein]	19099295
D003300	Copper	[NSC 689534 binds to Copper] which results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	20971185
D003300	Copper	[Copper co-treated with Dietary Sucrose] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26033743
D003300	Copper	Copper deficiency results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26033743
D003345	Corticosterone	Corticosterone results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	15755911
D003375	Coumestrol	[Coumestrol co-treated with ESR1 protein] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	18310284
D003375	Coumestrol	ESR2 protein affects the reaction [[Coumestrol co-treated with ESR1 protein] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	18310284
D003471	Cuprizone	Cuprizone results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	27523638
D003520	Cyclophosphamide	Cyclophosphamide results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17335920
D003520	Cyclophosphamide	Cyclophosphamide affects the expression of GAL mRNA	18563302
D003520	Cyclophosphamide	Cyclophosphamide affects the expression of GAL protein	16491427
D016572	Cyclosporine	Cyclosporine results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	27989131
D003634	DDT	DDT results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	19797855
D013759	Dronabinol	Dronabinol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	18454173
D013759	Dronabinol	Dronabinol results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	21955143
D013759	Dronabinol	[Dronabinol co-treated with Ethanol] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17618662
D013759	Dronabinol	Dronabinol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17618662
D003891	Desipramine	Desipramine inhibits the reaction [Reserpine results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	1717808
D003993	Dibutyl Phthalate	Dibutyl Phthalate results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	21266533
D019422	Dietary Sucrose	[Copper co-treated with Dietary Sucrose] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26033743
D019422	Dietary Sucrose	Dietary Sucrose results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26033743
D004054	Diethylstilbestrol	Diethylstilbestrol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17005392
D002117	Calcitriol	Calcitriol results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	21592394
D002117	Calcitriol	[Testosterone co-treated with Calcitriol] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	21592394
D016291	Dizocilpine Maleate	Dizocilpine Maleate inhibits the reaction [[Estradiol co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	8730651
D004610	Ellagic Acid	Ellagic Acid inhibits the reaction [phosalone results in increased activity of GAL protein]	27965107
C118739	entinostat	entinostat results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26272509
C118739	entinostat	"[NOG protein co-treated with entinostat co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
C045651	epigallocatechin gallate	[potassium chromate(VI) co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	22079256
D004967	Estrogens	[Estrogens co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	7512492
D004967	Estrogens	Pentobarbital inhibits the reaction [[Estrogens co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	7512492
D004967	Estrogens	Phenoxybenzamine inhibits the reaction [[Estrogens co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	7512492
D000431	Ethanol	Ethanol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	21955143
D000431	Ethanol	[Dronabinol co-treated with Ethanol] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17618662
D000431	Ethanol	Ethanol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17618662
D004997	Ethinyl Estradiol	Ethinyl Estradiol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	18936297
D004997	Ethinyl Estradiol	Ethinyl Estradiol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17351261
C004999	ferulic acid	[ferulic acid co-treated with Ascorbic Acid] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	17045618
D005419	Flavonoids	Flavonoids results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	18035473
D005472	Fluorouracil	Fluorouracil results in decreased expression of GAL protein	21296659
D005473	Fluoxetine	Fluoxetine results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	20816900
C039281	furan	furan results in increased methylation of GAL gene	22079235
C004312	glycidol	glycidol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	24915197
D006861	Hydrogen Peroxide	Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of GAL mRNA	20044591
D007545	Isoproterenol	Betaine inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in decreased activity of GAL protein]	19294532
D007545	Isoproterenol	Betaine inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	19294532
D007545	Isoproterenol	[ferulic acid co-treated with Ascorbic Acid] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	17045618
D007545	Isoproterenol	Isoproterenol results in decreased activity of GAL protein	14499179\|1929453
D007545	Isoproterenol	Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein	11829124\|1449917
D007545	Isoproterenol	Isoproterenol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17182065
D007545	Isoproterenol	naringin inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	17188415
D007545	Isoproterenol	[Nicorandil co-treated with Amlodipine] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in decreased activity of GAL protein]	14499179
D007545	Isoproterenol	[Nicorandil co-treated with Amlodipine] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	11829124\|1449917
D007545	Isoproterenol	S-allylcysteine inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	17182065
C561695	(+)-JQ1 compound	(+)-JQ1 compound results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	26752646
D007854	Lead	Lead results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	19921347
D008345	Manganese	Manganese results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17175027
C025340	manganese chloride	manganese chloride results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	17175027
D008468	Meclizine	Meclizine affects the expression of GAL protein	12388792
D008535	Megestrol	Megestrol affects the expression of GAL protein	12388792
C042720	mercuric bromide	mercuric bromide results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	26272509
C042720	mercuric bromide	"[NOG protein co-treated with mercuric bromide co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
D008694	Methamphetamine	Methamphetamine results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	25290377
D008694	Methamphetamine	Methamphetamine results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	19564919
D008704	Methazolamide	Methazolamide affects the expression of GAL protein	12388792
D015655	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium	1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	24810058
D009020	Morphine	Morphine results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	21955143
D009020	Morphine	Morphine results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	21178816
D037742	Nanotubes, Carbon	"Nanotubes, Carbon analog results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	25554681
D037742	Nanotubes, Carbon	"Nanotubes, Carbon results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	25554681
C005274	naringin	naringin inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	17188415
D009532	Nickel	Nickel results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	24768652
D009532	Nickel	Nickel results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	20682304
C029938	nickel sulfate	nickel sulfate results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	22714537
D020108	Nicorandil	[Nicorandil co-treated with Amlodipine] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in decreased activity of GAL protein]	14499179
D020108	Nicorandil	[Nicorandil co-treated with Amlodipine] inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased activity of GAL protein]	11829124\|1449917
D009538	Nicotine	Nicotine results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	21955143
C558013	NSC 689534	[NSC 689534 binds to Copper] which results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	20971185
C025589	ochratoxin A	ochratoxin A results in increased activity of GAL protein	28286205
C025589	ochratoxin A	ochratoxin A results in increased activity of GAL protein	28286205
D010126	Ozone	Ozone results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	28623178
D052638	Particulate Matter	Particulate Matter results in increased activity of GAL protein	24291038
C086401	pentabromodiphenyl ether	pentabromodiphenyl ether results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26705709
C046012	pentanal	pentanal results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26079696
D010424	Pentobarbital	Pentobarbital inhibits the reaction [[Estrogens co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	7512492
D010424	Pentobarbital	Pentobarbital results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	7537244
D010433	Pentylenetetrazole	[Pentylenetetrazole co-treated with Vigabatrin] affects the expression of GAL mRNA	21503142
D010643	Phenoxybenzamine	Phenoxybenzamine inhibits the reaction [[Estrogens co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	7512492
D010643	Phenoxybenzamine	Phenoxybenzamine results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	7537244
D010662	Phenylmercuric Acetate	"[NOG protein co-treated with Phenylmercuric Acetate co-treated with (6-(4-(2-piperidin-1-ylethoxy)phenyl))-3-pyridin-4-ylpyrazolo(1,5-a)pyrimidine co-treated with 4-(5-benzo(1,3)dioxol-5-yl-4-pyridin-2-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzamide] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA"	27188386
D010662	Phenylmercuric Acetate	Phenylmercuric Acetate results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	26272509
C003117	phosalone	Ellagic Acid inhibits the reaction [phosalone results in increased activity of GAL protein]	27965107
C003117	phosalone	phosalone results in increased activity of GAL protein	27965107
D010795	Phthalic Acids	Phthalic Acids results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	21061450
C006253	pirinixic acid	[pirinixic acid binds to and results in increased activity of PPARA protein] which results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	19710929
D010936	Plant Extracts	Plant Extracts results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	23557933
C027373	potassium chromate(VI)	[potassium chromate(VI) co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	22079256
C027373	potassium chromate(VI)	potassium chromate(VI) results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	22079256\|2271453
D011374	Progesterone	Dizocilpine Maleate inhibits the reaction [[Estradiol co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	8730651
D011374	Progesterone	[Estradiol co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	8730651
D011374	Progesterone	[Estrogens co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	7512492
D011374	Progesterone	Pentobarbital inhibits the reaction [[Estrogens co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	7512492
D011374	Progesterone	Phenoxybenzamine inhibits the reaction [[Estrogens co-treated with Progesterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	7512492
C005556	propionaldehyde	propionaldehyde results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26079696
D011441	Propylthiouracil	Propylthiouracil results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	24780913
D020849	Raloxifene Hydrochloride	Raloxifene Hydrochloride results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	16202921
D012110	Reserpine	Desipramine inhibits the reaction [Reserpine results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	1717808
D012110	Reserpine	Reserpine results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	9512271
D012110	Reserpine	Reserpine results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	1279347\|1698642\|
D015474	Isotretinoin	Isotretinoin results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	20436886
C065299	S-allylcysteine	S-allylcysteine inhibits the reaction [Isoproterenol results in increased expression of GAL mRNA]	17182065
C078903	seocalcitol	seocalcitol results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	12040012
D012715	Sesame Oil	Sesame Oil results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	29191790
D012822	Silicon Dioxide	Silicon Dioxide analog results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	23806026\|2589566
C017947	sodium arsenite	sodium arsenite affects the methylation of GAL gene	28589171
C017947	sodium arsenite	sodium arsenite results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	25879800
D012999	Soman	Soman results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	19281266
D053260	Soot	Soot results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	26551751
D013467	Sulindac	Sulindac affects the expression of GAL protein	12388792
D013629	Tamoxifen	Tamoxifen results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	15590111
D013739	Testosterone	[Testosterone co-treated with Calcitriol] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	21592394
D013739	Testosterone	Testosterone results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	21592394
D013739	Testosterone	[Estradiol co-treated with Testosterone] results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	11375906
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	[Estradiol co-treated with Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin] results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	19619570
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	19619570\|2199813
D019284	Thapsigargin	Thapsigargin results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	22378314
D014118	Toxins, Biological	"Toxins, Biological affects the expression of GAL mRNA"	19682533
D014212	Tretinoin	Tretinoin results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	23830798
D014415	Tunicamycin	Tunicamycin results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	22378314
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid affects the expression of GAL mRNA	25979313
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid results in increased expression of GAL mRNA	23179753\|2800136
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid results in increased methylation of GAL gene	29154799
D014638	Vanadates	Vanadates results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	22714537
D014700	Verapamil	Verapamil affects the expression of GAL protein	12388792
D020888	Vigabatrin	[Pentylenetetrazole co-treated with Vigabatrin] affects the expression of GAL mRNA	21503142
D024483	Vitamin K 3	Vitamin K 3 affects the expression of GAL mRNA	20044591
C111237	vorinostat	vorinostat results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	27188386
D015034	Zinc Oxide	Zinc Oxide analog results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	27215404
D019287	Zinc Sulfate	Zinc Sulfate results in decreased expression of GAL mRNA	27215404

GO/Pathway

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0004966	galanin receptor activity	-	IMP	25691535
GO:0005184	neuropeptide hormone activity	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0005184	neuropeptide hormone activity	-	IDA	24517231
GO:0005184	neuropeptide hormone activity	-	NAS	1722333
GO:0005515	protein binding	-	IPI	25416956 25691535
GO:0031763	galanin receptor binding	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0031764	type 1 galanin receptor binding	-	IDA	24517231
GO:0031765	type 2 galanin receptor binding	-	IDA	24517231
GO:0031766	type 3 galanin receptor binding	-	IDA	24517231

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0006954	inflammatory response	-	IEA	-
GO:0007186	G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway	-	TAS	-
GO:0007218	neuropeptide signaling pathway	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0007218	neuropeptide signaling pathway	-	IEA	-
GO:0007399	nervous system development	-	IEA	-
GO:0007631	feeding behavior	-	IEA	-
GO:0010469	regulation of signaling receptor activity	-	IEA	-
GO:0010737	protein kinase A signaling	-	IDA	17982695
GO:0019933	cAMP-mediated signaling	-	IDA	17982695
GO:0030073	insulin secretion	-	NAS	1370155
GO:0031943	regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process	-	IEA	-
GO:0032868	response to insulin	-	IEA	-
GO:0035902	response to immobilization stress	-	IEA	-
GO:0042493	response to drug	-	IEA	-
GO:0043065	positive regulation of apoptotic process	-	IEA	-
GO:0043627	response to estrogen	-	IEA	-
GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	-	IDA	24517231
GO:0050672	negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation	-	IEA	-
GO:0051464	positive regulation of cortisol secretion	-	IDA	17982695
GO:0051795	positive regulation of timing of catagen	-	IDA	22329353
GO:1902608	positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity	-	IDA	24602615
GO:1902891	negative regulation of root hair elongation	-	IDA	22329353

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0005576	extracellular region	-	TAS	-
GO:0005615	extracellular space	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0005615	extracellular space	-	IDA	9402244
GO:0005794	Golgi apparatus	-	IEA	-
GO:0030141	secretory granule	-	IBA	21873635
GO:0043025	neuronal cell body	-	IDA	23415787

KEGG ID	KEGG Term

Reactome ID	Reactome Term	Evidence
R-HSA-162582	Signal Transduction	TAS
R-HSA-372790	Signaling by GPCR	TAS
R-HSA-373076	Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors)	TAS
R-HSA-375276	Peptide ligand-binding receptors	TAS
R-HSA-388396	GPCR downstream signalling	TAS
R-HSA-418594	G alpha (i) signalling events	TAS
R-HSA-500792	GPCR ligand binding	TAS

Interactions (STRING v10.5, Interaction Score >= 0.400)

Publications (Co-occurrence of gene symbol strings and ANCO-Dependence terms)

PMID	Title (Year)	Author	Journal
16284096	Urinary CTX-II and glucosyl-galactosyl-pyridinoline are associated with the presence and severity of radiographic knee osteoarthritis in men. (2006 Jul)	Jordan KM	Ann Rheum Dis
20301469	Fabry Disease (1993)	Mehta A	-
15885773	Galanin and alcohol dependence: neurobehavioral research. (2005 Jun)	Lewis MJ	Neuropeptides
29132311	Weighted gene co-expression network analysis of expression data of monozygotic twins identifies specific modules and hub genes related to BMI. (2017 Nov 13)	Wang W	BMC Genomics
16700736	Saliva of patients with Type 1 diabetes: effect of smoking on activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases. (2006 May)	Knas M	Oral Dis
24585093	Salivary exoglycosidases as markers of alcohol dependence. (2014 Jul-Aug)	Waszkiewicz N	Alcohol Alcohol
12818715	Ethanol intake increases galanin mRNA in the hypothalamus and withdrawal decreases it. (2003 Jun)	Leibowitz SF	Physiol Behav
16314872	Association of galanin haplotypes with alcoholism and anxiety in two ethnically distinct populations. (2006 Mar)	Belfer I	Mol Psychiatry
11978842	Regional and cellular mapping of cAMP response element-mediated transcription during naltrexone-precipitated morphine withdrawal. (2002 May 1)	Shaw-Lutchman TZ	J Neurosci
19800965	Natural Killer cells: keepers of pregnancy in the turnstile of the environment. (2010 Mar)	Karimi K	Brain Behav Immun
28947730	Association of Serum Galectin-3 with the Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. (2017 Sep 26)	Feng W	Med Sci Monit
16328375	Galantamine: a cholinergic patch in the treatment of alcoholism: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. (2006 Jan)	Mann K	Psychopharmacology (Berl)
24086514	Association of polymorphisms in pharmacogenetic candidate genes (OPRD1, GAL, ABCB1, OPRM1) with opioid dependence in European population: a case-control study. (2013)	Beer B	PLoS One
24845178	Stress-related genes and heroin addiction: a role for a functional FKBP5 haplotype. (2014 Jul)	Levran O	Psychoneuroendocrinology
18295997	In contrast to lung fibroblasts--no signs of senescence in skin fibroblasts of patients with emphysema. (2008 Jul)	Muller KC	Exp Gerontol
26654980	Oxidative stress-induced premature senescence dysregulates VEGF and CFH expression in retinal pigment epithelial cells: Implications for Age-related Macular Degeneration. (2016 Apr)	Marazita MC	Redox Biol
22742906	Prenatal ethanol exposure stimulates neurogenesis in hypothalamic and limbic peptide systems: possible mechanism for offspring ethanol overconsumption. (2012 Oct 11)	Chang GQ	Neuroscience
24464746	Plasma galectin 3 and heart failure risk in the Physicians' Health Study. (2014 Mar)	Djousse L	Eur J Heart Fail
28660791	Long-term changes of salivary exoglycosidases and their applicability as chronic alcohol-drinking and dependence markers. (2017 Jun 29)	Waszkiewicz N	World J Biol Psychiatry
24018455	The activity of serum beta-galactosidase in colon cancer patients with a history of alcohol and nicotine dependence: preliminary data. (2013 Aug 26)	Waszkiewicz N	Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online)
17083333	Alcoholism is associated with GALR3 but not two other galanin receptor genes. (2007 Jul)	Belfer I	Genes Brain Behav