Gene info: ID 9575

Gene: CLOCK

GENE ID: 9575

Synonyms: KAT13D|bHLHe8

Description: clock circadian regulator

Gene type: protein-coding

Location: 4q12

dbXrefs: Ensembl:ENSG00000134852 MIM:601851 Vega:OTTHUMG00000102141 UniprotKB:O15516

RefSeq: NC_000004.12

Retrived from: PubMed

SNPs: 0 ANCO-SNPs

Phenotype: CD|OD|ND|AD

# Publications: 47

Sherlock p-value : NA (AD) NA (ND) (Frontal_Cortex)

Pascal p-value : 6.289e-1 (AD) 7.042e-1 (ND)

DNA Methylation

There is no related methylation information for this gene.

Gene Expression in Different Tissues

Temporal and Spatial Expressions (BrainSpan)

Footnote:
SC: sub-cortical regions; SM: sensory-motor regions; FC: frontal cortex; and TP: temporal-parietal cortex
ST1: fetal (13 - 26 postconception weeks), ST2: early infancy to late childhood (4 months to 11 years), and ST3: adolescence to adulthood (13 - 23 years)
The bar shown representes average value of the expressions.

Top Co-expressed Genes in Brain-Frontal Cortex (BA9) (GTEx v7)

Top 10 positively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol	Pearson Correlation Coefficient
MTMR9	0.948
SLC25A46	0.947
CAND1	0.946
NCKAP1	0.944
ZYG11B	0.942
KRAS	0.94
DENND5B	0.94
GSK3B	0.94
PPP2R5E	0.939
BMPR2	0.938

Top 10 negatively co-expressed genes

Gene Symbol	Pearson Correlation Coefficient
OR4F5	-0.499
CSAG1	-0.477
OR4F29	-0.457
MYL3	-0.394
RHOD	-0.39
FLT3LG	-0.388
RAB13	-0.386
COPZ2	-0.382
S100A1	-0.377
HEY2	-0.376

There is no DrugBank record for this gene !

ID	Drug Name	Action	PubMed
C026486	1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene	"1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	26377693
C055987	20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid	"CLOCK protein affects the abundance of 20-hydroxy-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid"	22440902
C061282	2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine	2-(4-(2-carboxyethyl)phenethylamino)-5'-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	22923002
C014024	2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl	"2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl results in increased activity of CLOCK protein"	27589886
C014024	2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl	"[Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with Diethylhexyl Phthalate co-treated with bisphenol A] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	28433925
C009407	2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl	"2,5,2',5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	21703328
C009505	4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane	"4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	18648102
C105260	4-tert-octylphenol	4-tert-octylphenol results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	24726801
D016604	Aflatoxin B1	Aflatoxin B1 results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	19770486
D000643	Ammonium Chloride	Ammonium Chloride affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	16483693
C030935	benz(a)anthracene	benz(a)anthracene results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	26377693
C006703	benzo(b)fluoranthene	benzo(b)fluoranthene results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	26377693
D019324	beta-Naphthoflavone	beta-Naphthoflavone inhibits the reaction [CLOCK protein binds to ARNTL protein]	20106950
D019324	beta-Naphthoflavone	beta-Naphthoflavone inhibits the reaction [CLOCK protein binds to PER1 promoter]	20106950
D001564	Benzo(a)pyrene	Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	17879257
D001564	Benzo(a)pyrene	Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	20127859\|2222880
D001564	Benzo(a)pyrene	CLOCK gene mutant form inhibits the reaction [Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of CYP1A1 mRNA]	21978865
D001564	Benzo(a)pyrene	Benzo(a)pyrene results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	22300585
D001629	Bezafibrate	CLOCK protein affects the reaction [Bezafibrate results in increased expression of SERPINE1 mRNA]	20400680
D001629	Bezafibrate	[CLOCK protein binds to ARNTL protein] promotes the reaction [Bezafibrate results in increased expression of SERPINE1 mRNA]	20400680
D001629	Bezafibrate	[CLOCK protein binds to ARNTL protein] promotes the reaction [[PPARA protein binds to RXRA protein] promotes the reaction [Bezafibrate results in increased expression of SERPINE1 mRNA]]	20400680
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	24726801
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A affects the methylation of CLOCK promoter	27334623
C006780	bisphenol A	"[Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with Diethylhexyl Phthalate co-treated with bisphenol A] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	28433925
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	25181051
C006780	bisphenol A	bisphenol A results in increased methylation of CLOCK gene	28505145
C018475	butyraldehyde	butyraldehyde results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	26079696
D019256	Cadmium Chloride	Cadmium Chloride affects the expression of CLOCK	23085516
D019256	Cadmium Chloride	Cadmium Chloride affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	21442002
D019256	Cadmium Chloride	Cadmium Chloride affects the methylation of CLOCK promoter	22457795
D019256	Cadmium Chloride	Cadmium Chloride results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	20107868
D019256	Cadmium Chloride	Melatonin inhibits the reaction [Cadmium Chloride affects the expression of CLOCK]	23085516
C055494	caffeic acid phenethyl ester	[Diethylnitrosamine co-treated with caffeic acid phenethyl ester] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	20360939
D020111	Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine)	Chlorodiphenyl (54% Chlorine) results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	23650126
D003024	Clozapine	CLOCK gene SNP affects the susceptibility to Clozapine	15331141
D003042	Cocaine	Cocaine results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	15994025
C010902	decabromobiphenyl ether	decabromobiphenyl ether results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	23640034
D003907	Dexamethasone	Dexamethasone affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	23251369
D002945	Cisplatin	Cisplatin results in decreased expression of CLOCK protein	21157427
D003633	Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene	Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene results in increased activity of CLOCK protein	27589886
D004041	Dietary Fats	[Dietary Fats co-treated with Dietary Sucrose] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	28433925
D019422	Dietary Sucrose	[Dietary Fats co-treated with Dietary Sucrose] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	28433925
D004051	Diethylhexyl Phthalate	"[Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with Diethylhexyl Phthalate co-treated with bisphenol A] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	28433925
D004051	Diethylhexyl Phthalate	Diethylhexyl Phthalate results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	28871463
D004052	Diethylnitrosamine	CLOCK protein promotes the reaction [Diethylnitrosamine results in increased activity of CASP3 protein]	21167249
D004052	Diethylnitrosamine	CLOCK protein promotes the reaction [Diethylnitrosamine results in increased activity of CASP7 protein]	21167249
D004052	Diethylnitrosamine	CLOCK protein promotes the reaction [Diethylnitrosamine results in increased expression of and results in increased phosphorylation of TRP53 protein]	21167249
D004052	Diethylnitrosamine	CLOCK protein results in increased susceptibility to Diethylnitrosamine	21167249
D004052	Diethylnitrosamine	Diethylnitrosamine results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	17942915
D004052	Diethylnitrosamine	MET protein inhibits the reaction [Diethylnitrosamine results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA]	17942915
D004052	Diethylnitrosamine	[Diethylnitrosamine co-treated with caffeic acid phenethyl ester] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	20360939
C062669	epicatechin gallate	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA]	29061316
C062669	epicatechin gallate	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK protein]	29061316
C045651	epigallocatechin gallate	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA]	29061316
C045651	epigallocatechin gallate	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK protein]	29061316
C045651	epigallocatechin gallate	[potassium chromate(VI) co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	22079256
D004967	Estrogens	Estrogens results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	24726801
D004997	Ethinyl Estradiol	Ethinyl Estradiol affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	17555576
D004997	Ethinyl Estradiol	Ethinyl Estradiol results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	17942748
D004997	Ethinyl Estradiol	[Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with Ethinyl Estradiol] results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	17942748
D005473	Fluoxetine	Fluoxetine results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	15994025
C039281	furan	furan results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	24183702
D005707	Gallic Acid	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA]	29061316
D005707	Gallic Acid	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK protein]	29061316
C057580	gallocatechol	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA]	29061316
C057580	gallocatechol	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK protein]	29061316
D005944	Glucosamine	Glucosamine results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	24442997
D005944	Glucosamine	Glucosamine results in decreased expression of CLOCK protein	24442997
D006861	Hydrogen Peroxide	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA]	29061316
D006861	Hydrogen Peroxide	[Gallic Acid co-treated with gallocatechol co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate co-treated with epicatechin gallate] affects the reaction [Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK protein]	29061316
D006861	Hydrogen Peroxide	Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	29061316
D006861	Hydrogen Peroxide	Hydrogen Peroxide affects the expression of CLOCK protein	29061316
C475919	hydroxytamoxifen	hydroxytamoxifen results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	24726801
C544151	jinfukang	jinfukang results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	27392435
D007854	Lead	Lead results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	19921347
C025340	manganese chloride	manganese chloride results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	28511934
D008550	Melatonin	Melatonin inhibits the reaction [Cadmium Chloride affects the expression of CLOCK]	23085516
D008752	Methylene Chloride	Methylene Chloride results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	28392392
C004925	methylmercuric chloride	methylmercuric chloride results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	28001369
D018817	N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine	"N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	26251327
D008777	Methyltestosterone	Methyltestosterone results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	29191790
C059539	midostaurin	midostaurin results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	20980353
C583365	N-(2-(1,1'-bicyclopropyl)-2-ylphenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide	"N-(2-(1,1'-bicyclopropyl)-2-ylphenyl)-3-(difluoromethyl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	29244179
D037742	Nanotubes, Carbon	"Nanotubes, Carbon results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	25554681\|2562005
D019308	Palmitic Acid	Palmitic Acid results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	24442997
D019308	Palmitic Acid	Palmitic Acid results in decreased expression of CLOCK protein	24442997
C410127	PCB 180	PCB 180 affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	21703328
C046012	pentanal	pentanal results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	26079696
C023036	perfluorooctanoic acid	perfluorooctanoic acid results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	23146750
D010634	Phenobarbital	Phenobarbital results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	19270015
C006253	pirinixic acid	[pirinixic acid binds to and results in increased activity of PPARA protein] which results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	19710929
C006253	pirinixic acid	pirinixic acid results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	23811191
C027373	potassium chromate(VI)	[potassium chromate(VI) co-treated with epigallocatechin gallate] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	22079256
C027373	potassium chromate(VI)	potassium chromate(VI) results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	22079256
C009277	sodium arsenate	sodium arsenate results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	21795629
D020058	Styrene	Styrene results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	28951217
D013629	Tamoxifen	Tamoxifen affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	17555576
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin affects the expression of CLOCK mRNA	21570461\|2892240
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	"[Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with 2,4,5,2',4',5'-hexachlorobiphenyl co-treated with Diethylhexyl Phthalate co-treated with bisphenol A] results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	28433925
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	[Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin co-treated with Ethinyl Estradiol] results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	17942748
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	18295293\|2821309
D013749	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin	Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	17942748\|2405805
D014028	Tobacco Smoke Pollution	Tobacco Smoke Pollution results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	28111298
D014212	Tretinoin	RARA protein inhibits the reaction [Tretinoin results in increased activity of [CLOCK protein binds to ARNTL protein]]	17069763
D014212	Tretinoin	Tretinoin results in increased activity of [CLOCK protein binds to ARNTL protein]	17069763
D014241	Trichloroethylene	Trichloroethylene results in decreased methylation of CLOCK gene	27618143
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA	23179753\|2800136
D014635	Valproic Acid	Valproic Acid results in decreased methylation of CLOCK gene	29154799
C025643	vinclozolin	vinclozolin results in increased expression of CLOCK mRNA	23034163
D014874	Water Pollutants, Chemical	"Water Pollutants, Chemical results in decreased expression of CLOCK mRNA"	24525044

GO/Pathway

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0000978	RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	-	IDA	18411297
GO:0000980	RNA polymerase II distal enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding	-	ISS	-
GO:0000981	RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding	-	ISA	-
GO:0000981	RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding	-	ISM	19274049
GO:0000981	RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding	-	NAS	19274049
GO:0000982	transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II proximal promoter sequence-specific DNA binding	-	ISS	-
GO:0001190	transcriptional activator activity, RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding	-	ISS	-
GO:0003677	DNA binding	-	IDA	11441146
GO:0003700	DNA-binding transcription factor activity	-	ISS	-
GO:0004402	histone acetyltransferase activity	-	IMP	21980503 28985504
GO:0005515	protein binding	-	IPI	14645221 20861012 21960634 21980503 28985504
GO:0031490	chromatin DNA binding	-	ISS	-
GO:0043565	sequence-specific DNA binding	-	ISS	-
GO:0046983	protein dimerization activity	-	IEA	-
GO:0070888	E-box binding	-	IDA	18411297 23785138

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0000077	DNA damage checkpoint	-	IMP	21659603
GO:0006355	regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	-	ISS	-
GO:0006357	regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	-	TAS	10198158
GO:0006366	transcription by RNA polymerase II	-	IEA	-
GO:0006473	protein acetylation	-	IDA	28985504
GO:0007165	signal transduction	-	TAS	10198158
GO:0007283	spermatogenesis	-	ISS	-
GO:0007623	circadian rhythm	-	TAS	-
GO:0009648	photoperiodism	-	TAS	10198158
GO:0016573	histone acetylation	-	IEA	-
GO:0032922	circadian regulation of gene expression	-	IDA	24005054
GO:0032922	circadian regulation of gene expression	-	IMP	21980503 28985504
GO:0032922	circadian regulation of gene expression	-	ISS	-
GO:0042634	regulation of hair cycle	-	IMP	24005054
GO:0043161	proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process	-	ISS	-
GO:0045892	negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	-	ISS	-
GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	-	IDA	23785138
GO:0045893	positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated	-	ISS	-
GO:0045944	positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	-	IGI	9576906
GO:0050729	positive regulation of inflammatory response	-	IEA	-
GO:0050796	regulation of insulin secretion	-	ISS	-
GO:0051092	positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity	-	ISS	-
GO:0051775	response to redox state	-	IDA	11441146
GO:0071479	cellular response to ionizing radiation	-	IDA	21659603
GO:2000074	regulation of type B pancreatic cell development	-	ISS	-
GO:2000323	negative regulation of glucocorticoid receptor signaling pathway	-	ISS	-

GO ID	GO Term	Qualifier	Evidence	PubMed
GO:0005634	nucleus	-	IDA	14645221 28985504
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	-	IDA	-
GO:0005654	nucleoplasm	-	TAS	-
GO:0005667	transcription factor complex	-	IPI	9576906
GO:0005694	chromosome	-	IDA	21659603
GO:0005829	cytosol	-	IDA	28985504
GO:0033391	chromatoid body	-	ISS	-
GO:0043231	intracellular membrane-bounded organelle	-	IDA	-

KEGG ID	KEGG Term
hsa04710	Circadian rhythm

Reactome ID	Reactome Term	Evidence
R-HSA-1368108	BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression	IEA
R-HSA-1368108	BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression	TAS
R-HSA-1430728	Metabolism	IEA
R-HSA-1989781	PPARA activates gene expression	IEA
R-HSA-3214847	HATs acetylate histones	IEA
R-HSA-3247509	Chromatin modifying enzymes	IEA
R-HSA-400206	Regulation of lipid metabolism by Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha)	IEA
R-HSA-400253	Circadian Clock	IEA
R-HSA-400253	Circadian Clock	TAS
R-HSA-4839726	Chromatin organization	IEA
R-HSA-556833	Metabolism of lipids	IEA

Interactions (STRING v10.5, Interaction Score >= 0.400)

Publications (Co-occurrence of gene symbol strings and ANCO-Dependence terms)

PMID	Title (Year)	Author	Journal
25677407	Clock genes in human alcohol abuse and comorbid conditions. (2015 Jun)	Partonen T	Alcohol
21463340	Acute ethanol disrupts photic and serotonergic circadian clock phase-resetting in the mouse. (2011 Aug)	Brager AJ	Alcohol Clin Exp Res
26868433	Is common genetic variation at IRS1, ENPP1 and TRIB3 loci associated with cardiometabolic phenotypes in type 2 diabetes? An exploratory analysis of the Verona Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Study (VNDS) 5. (2016 Mar)	Trombetta M	Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis
28645331	Circadian CLOCK gene polymorphisms in relation to sleep patterns and obesity in African Americans: findings from the Jackson heart study. (2017 Jun 23)	Riestra P	BMC Genet
27697140	Individual fertility assessment and counselling in women of reproductive age. (2016 Oct)	Petersen KB	Dan Med J
26802726	Mutations in the circadian gene period alter behavioral and biochemical responses to ethanol in Drosophila. (2016 Apr 1)	Liao J	Behav Brain Res
20554694	Circadian clock gene polymorphisms in alcohol use disorders and alcohol consumption. (2010 Jul-Aug)	Kovanen L	Alcohol Alcohol
18452895	Gene profiling the response to repeated cocaine self-administration in dorsal striatum: a focus on circadian genes. (2008 Jun 5)	Lynch WJ	Brain Res
21929298	Circadian and acamprosate modulation of elevated ethanol drinking in mPer2 clock gene mutant mice. (2011 Oct)	Brager AJ	Chronobiol Int
23670794	Mediterranean diet improves cognition: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomised trial. (2013 Dec)	Martinez-Lapiscina EH	J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
17992597	Neuroendocrine-immune correlates of circadian physiology: studies in experimental models of arthritis, ethanol feeding, aging, social isolation, and calorie restriction. (2007 Aug)	Esquifino AI	Endocrine
25194823	Assessment of sleep satisfaction in patients with dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. (2014 Dec)	de Oliveira FF	J Clin Neurosci
24339190	Comparing the utility of homogeneous subtypes of cocaine use and related behaviors with DSM-IV cocaine dependence as traits for genetic association analysis. (2014 Mar)	Bi J	Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet
27739341	Is the molecular clock ticking differently in bipolar disorder? Methylation analysis of the clock gene ARNTL. (2016 Oct 14)	Bengesser SA	World J Biol Psychiatry
15319145	New data on the importance of gestational Mg deficiency. (2004 Jun)	Durlach J	Magnes Res
28296937	Effects of circadian clock genes and health-related behavior on metabolic syndrome in a Taiwanese population: Evidence from association and interaction analysis. (2017)	Lin E	PLoS One
20735373	Reduced expression of circadian clock genes in male alcoholic patients. (2010 Nov)	Huang MC	Alcohol Clin Exp Res
22354695	Autosomal linkage scan for loci predisposing to comorbid dependence on multiple substances. (2012 Jun)	Yang BZ	Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet
6370542	A clinical and pharmacokinetic basis for the selection and use of slow release theophylline products. (1984 Mar-Apr)	Hendeles L	Clin Pharmacokinet
18247375	Phenomic, convergent functional genomic, and biomarker studies in a stress-reactive genetic animal model of bipolar disorder and co-morbid alcoholism. (2008 Mar 5)	Le-Niculescu H	Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet
22549116	Inhibition of the casein-kinase-1-epsilon/delta/ prevents relapse-like alcohol drinking. (2012 Aug)	Perreau-Lenz S	Neuropsychopharmacology
12821798	Marijuana alters the human cerebellar clock. (2003 Jun 11)	O'Leary DS	Neuroreport
20205566	Associations of metabolic parameters and ethanol consumption with messenger RNA expression of clock genes in healthy men. (2010 Jan)	Ando H	Chronobiol Int
15637217	New data on the importance of gestational Mg deficiency. (2004 Dec)	Durlach J	J Am Coll Nutr
21697518	Acamprosate-responsive brain sites for suppression of ethanol intake and preference. (2011 Oct)	Brager A	Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol
24950119	Cocaine modulates mammalian circadian clock timing by decreasing serotonin transport in the SCN. (2014 Sep 5)	Prosser RA	Neuroscience
17846884	The effect of curcumin on ethanol induced changes in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) and pineal. (2007 Dec)	Jagota A	Cell Mol Neurobiol
9761595	Long-term effects of early cocaine exposure on the light responsiveness of the adult circadian timing system. (1998 Sep-Oct)	Strother WN	Neurotoxicol Teratol
11263673	Ramadan fasting alters endocrine and neuroendocrine circadian patterns. Meal-time as a synchronizer in humans? (2001 Feb 23)	Bogdan A	Life Sci
22832851	Repeat variation in the human PER2 gene as a new genetic marker associated with cocaine addiction and brain dopamine D2 receptor availability. (2012 Mar 6)	Shumay E	Transl Psychiatry
27762075	Sex-specific linkage scans in opioid dependence. (2017 Apr)	Yang BZ	Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet
9114461	Endothelin-1's chronome indicates diabetic and vascular disease chronorisk. (1997)	Tarquini B	Peptides
25236726	Adenosine and glutamate in neuroglial interaction: implications for circadian disorders and alcoholism. (2014)	Ruby CL	Adv Neurobiol
12084940	Cocaine sensitization and reward are under the influence of circadian genes and rhythm. (2002 Jun 25)	Abarca C	Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
22467995	PER3 polymorphism and insomnia severity in alcohol dependence. (2012 Apr 1)	Brower KJ	Sleep
22832735	A promoter polymorphism in the Per3 gene is associated with alcohol and stress response. (2012 Jan 31)	Wang X	Transl Psychiatry
26512752	Circadian regulation gene polymorphisms are associated with sleep disruption and duration, and circadian phase and rhythm in adults with HIV. (2015)	Lee KA	Chronobiol Int
28412756	Effects of circadian clock genes and environmental factors on cognitive aging in old adults in a Taiwanese population. (2017 Apr 11)	Lin E	Oncotarget
18676844	RUNX3 methylation reveals that bladder tumors are older in patients with a history of smoking. (2008 Aug 1)	Wolff EM	Cancer Res
29144171	Circadian gene methylation in rotating-shift nurses: a cross-sectional study. (2018 Jan)	Reszka E	Chronobiol Int
20482506	Turning the clock ahead: potential preclinical and clinical neuropharmacological targets for alcohol dependence. (2010)	Leggio L	Curr Pharm Des
23550834	Circadian clock period inversely correlates with illness severity in cells from patients with alcohol use disorders. (2013 Aug)	McCarthy MJ	Alcohol Clin Exp Res
7720216	Nicotine administration differentially affects gene expression in the maternal and fetal circadian clock. (1995 Jan 14)	Clegg DA	Brain Res Dev Brain Res
27070740	The effect of chronic morphine or methadone exposure and withdrawal on clock gene expression in the rat suprachiasmatic nucleus and AA-NAT activity in the pineal gland. (2016 Jul 18)	Pacesova D	Physiol Res
23722243	The role of clock in ethanol-related behaviors. (2013 Nov)	Ozburn AR	Neuropsychopharmacology
17106427	Human clock, PER1 and PER2 polymorphisms: lack of association with cocaine dependence susceptibility and cocaine-induced paranoia. (2006 Dec)	Malison RT	Psychiatr Genet
3120208	Women's reproductive health: recent advances in therapies. (1987 Jul-Aug)	Stillman RJ	Public Health Rep