FUNCTION: [Isoform 1]: Cell adhesion protein that mediates homophilic cell adhesion in a calcium-independent manner (By similarity). Plays a role as coinhibitory receptor in immune response, insulin action and functions also as an activator during angiogenesis (PubMed:18424730, PubMed:23696226, PubM...
FUNCTION: [Isoform 1]: Cell adhesion protein that mediates homophilic cell adhesion in a calcium-independent manner (By similarity). Plays a role as coinhibitory receptor in immune response, insulin action and functions also as an activator during angiogenesis (PubMed:18424730, PubMed:23696226, PubMed:25363763). Its coinhibitory receptor function is phosphorylation- and PTPN6 -dependent, which in turn, suppress signal transduction of associated receptors by dephosphorylation of their downstream effectors. Plays a role in immune response, of T cells, natural killer (NK) and neutrophils (PubMed:18424730, PubMed:23696226). Upon TCR/CD3 complex stimulation, inhibits TCR-mediated cytotoxicity by blocking granule exocytosis by mediating homophilic binding to adjacent cells, allowing interaction with and phosphorylation by LCK and interaction with the TCR/CD3 complex which recruits PTPN6 resulting in dephosphorylation of CD247 and ZAP70 (PubMed:18424730). Also inhibits T cell proliferation and cytokine production through inhibition of JNK cascade and plays a crucial role in regulating autoimmunity and anti-tumor immunity by inhibiting T cell through its interaction with HAVCR2 (PubMed:25363763). Upon natural killer (NK) cells activation, inhibit KLRK1-mediated cytolysis of CEACAM1-bearing tumor cells by trans-homophilic interactions with CEACAM1 on the target cell and lead to cis-interaction between CEACAM1 and KLRK1, allowing PTPN6 recruitment and then VAV1 dephosphorylation (PubMed:23696226). Upon neutrophils activation negatively regulates IL1B production by recruiting PTPN6 to a SYK-TLR4-CEACAM1 complex, that dephosphorylates SYK, reducing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lysosome disruption, which in turn, reduces the activity of the inflammasome. Down-regulates neutrophil production by acting as a coinhibitory receptor for CSF3R by down-regulating the CSF3R-STAT3 pathway through recruitment of PTPN6 that dephosphorylates CSF3R (By similarity). Also regulates insulin action by promoting INS clearance and regulating lipogenesis in liver through regulating insulin signaling (By similarity). Upon INS stimulation, undergoes phosphorylation by INSR leading to INS clearance by increasing receptor-mediated insulin endocytosis. This inernalization promotes interaction with FASN leading to receptor-mediated insulin degradation and to reduction of FASN activity leading to negative regulation of fatty acid synthesis. INSR-mediated phosphorylation also provokes a down-regulation of cell proliferation through SHC1 interaction resulting in decrease coupling of SHC1 to the MAPK3/ERK1-MAPK1/ERK2 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways (By similarity). Functions as activator in angiogenesis by promoting blood vessel remodeling through endothelial cell differentiation and migration and in arteriogenesis by increasing the number of collateral arteries and collateral vessel calibers after ischemia. Also regulates vascular permeability through the VEGFR2 signaling pathway resulting in control of nitric oxide production (By similarity). Down-regulates cell growth in response to EGF through its interaction with SHC1 that mediates interaction with EGFR resulting in decrease coupling of SHC1 to the MAPK3/ERK1-MAPK1/ERK2 pathway (By similarity). Negatively regulates platelet aggregation by decreasing platelet adhesion on type I collagen through the GPVI-FcRgamma complex (By similarity). Inhibits cell migration and cell scattering through interaction with FLNA; interfers with the interaction of FLNA with RALA (PubMed:16291724). Mediates bile acid transport activity in a phosphorylation dependent manner (By similarity). Negatively regulates osteoclastogenesis (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P16573, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P31809, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16291724, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18424730, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23696226, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25363763}.; FUNCTION: [Isoform 8]: Cell adhesion protein that mediates homophilic cell adhesion in a calcium-independent manner (By similarity). Promotes populations of T cells regulating IgA production and secretion associated with control of the commensal microbiota and resistance to enteropathogens (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P16573, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P31809}.
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GO - Biological processes (BP):
angiogenesis [GO:0001525]; bile acid and bile salt transport [GO:0015721]; blood vessel development [GO:0001568]; cell adhesion [GO:0007155]; cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules [GO:0098742]; cell migration [GO:0016477]; cellular response to insulin stimulus [GO:0032869]; commo...
angiogenesis [GO:0001525]; bile acid and bile salt transport [GO:0015721]; blood vessel development [GO:0001568]; cell adhesion [GO:0007155]; cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules [GO:0098742]; cell migration [GO:0016477]; cellular response to insulin stimulus [GO:0032869]; common myeloid progenitor cell proliferation [GO:0035726]; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor signaling pathway [GO:0038158]; homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules [GO:0007156]; insulin catabolic process [GO:1901143]; insulin receptor internalization [GO:0038016]; integrin-mediated signaling pathway [GO:0007229]; negative regulation of cytotoxic T cell degranulation [GO:0043318]; negative regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process [GO:0045717]; negative regulation of granulocyte differentiation [GO:0030853]; negative regulation of hepatocyte proliferation [GO:2000346]; negative regulation of interleukin-1 production [GO:0032692]; negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process [GO:0051055]; negative regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target [GO:0002859]; negative regulation of platelet aggregation [GO:0090331]; negative regulation of protein kinase activity [GO:0006469]; negative regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity [GO:0001915]; negative regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway [GO:0050860]; negative regulation of vascular permeability [GO:0043116]; positive regulation of vasculogenesis [GO:2001214]; regulation of blood vessel remodeling [GO:0060312]; regulation of cell growth [GO:0001558]; regulation of cell migration [GO:0030334]; regulation of endothelial cell differentiation [GO:0045601]; regulation of endothelial cell migration [GO:0010594]; regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway [GO:0042058]; regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade [GO:0070372]; regulation of homophilic cell adhesion [GO:1903385]; regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling [GO:0014066]; regulation of sprouting angiogenesis [GO:1903670]; wound healing, spreading of cells [GO:0044319]
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GO - Molecular function (MF):
actin binding [GO:0003779]; bile acid transmembrane transporter activity [GO:0015125]; calmodulin binding [GO:0005516]; filamin binding [GO:0031005]; identical protein binding [GO:0042802]; kinase binding [GO:0019900]; protein dimerization activity [GO:0046983]; protein homodimerization activity [GO...
actin binding [GO:0003779]; bile acid transmembrane transporter activity [GO:0015125]; calmodulin binding [GO:0005516]; filamin binding [GO:0031005]; identical protein binding [GO:0042802]; kinase binding [GO:0019900]; protein dimerization activity [GO:0046983]; protein homodimerization activity [GO:0042803]; protein phosphatase binding [GO:0019903]; protein tyrosine kinase binding [GO:1990782]
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GO - Cellular component (CC):
adherens junction [GO:0005912]; apical plasma membrane [GO:0016324]; basal plasma membrane [GO:0009925]; cell-cell junction [GO:0005911]; cell junction [GO:0030054]; cell surface [GO:0009986]; extracellular exosome [GO:0070062]; integral component of membrane [GO:0016021]; integral component of plas...
adherens junction [GO:0005912]; apical plasma membrane [GO:0016324]; basal plasma membrane [GO:0009925]; cell-cell junction [GO:0005911]; cell junction [GO:0030054]; cell surface [GO:0009986]; extracellular exosome [GO:0070062]; integral component of membrane [GO:0016021]; integral component of plasma membrane [GO:0005887]; lateral plasma membrane [GO:0016328]; membrane [GO:0016020]; microvillus membrane [GO:0031528]; plasma membrane [GO:0005886]; specific granule membrane [GO:0035579]; tertiary granule membrane [GO:0070821]; transport vesicle membrane [GO:0030658]
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