FUNCTION: Polyglutamylase which modifies both tubulin and non-tubulin proteins, generating alpha-linked polyglutamate side chains on the gamma-carboxyl group of specific glutamate residues of target proteins. Preferentially mediates ATP-dependent long polyglutamate chain elongation over the initiati...
FUNCTION: Polyglutamylase which modifies both tubulin and non-tubulin proteins, generating alpha-linked polyglutamate side chains on the gamma-carboxyl group of specific glutamate residues of target proteins. Preferentially mediates ATP-dependent long polyglutamate chain elongation over the initiation step of the polyglutamylation reaction. Preferentially modifies the alpha-tubulin tail over a beta-tail. Promotes tubulin polyglutamylation which stimulates spastin/SPAST-mediated microtubule severing, thereby regulating microtubule functions. Mediates microtubule polyglutamylation in primary cilia axoneme, which is important for ciliary structural formation and motility. Mediates microtubule polyglutamylation in motile cilia, necessary for the regulation of ciliary coordinated beating. Polyglutamylates non-tubulin protein nucleotidyltransferase CGAS, leading to CGAS DNA-binding inhibition, thereby preventing antiviral defense response. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:A4Q9E8}.
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GO - Biological processes (BP):
microtubule bundle formation [GO:0001578]; microtubule cytoskeleton organization [GO:0000226]; microtubule severing [GO:0051013]; positive regulation of cilium movement [GO:0003353]; protein polyglutamylation [GO:0018095]; regulation of cilium beat frequency involved in ciliary motility [GO:0060296]...
microtubule bundle formation [GO:0001578]; microtubule cytoskeleton organization [GO:0000226]; microtubule severing [GO:0051013]; positive regulation of cilium movement [GO:0003353]; protein polyglutamylation [GO:0018095]; regulation of cilium beat frequency involved in ciliary motility [GO:0060296]
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GO - Molecular function (MF):
ATP binding [GO:0005524]; metal ion binding [GO:0046872]; protein-glutamic acid ligase activity [GO:0070739]; tubulin binding [GO:0015631]; tubulin-glutamic acid ligase activity [GO:0070740]...
ATP binding [GO:0005524]; metal ion binding [GO:0046872]; protein-glutamic acid ligase activity [GO:0070739]; tubulin binding [GO:0015631]; tubulin-glutamic acid ligase activity [GO:0070740]
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GO - Cellular component (CC):
9+0 non-motile cilium [GO:0097731]; ciliary basal body [GO:0036064]; cilium [GO:0005929]; cytosol [GO:0005829]; microtubule [GO:0005874]...
9+0 non-motile cilium [GO:0097731]; ciliary basal body [GO:0036064]; cilium [GO:0005929]; cytosol [GO:0005829]; microtubule [GO:0005874]
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