TRIM28
Entrez ID: 10155
Full name: tripartite motif containing 28
External links: HGNC UniprotKB Ensembl RefSeq COSMIC
Family: Atypical: TIF1
Chromosomal location: 19q13.43
Substructure location: Gatekeeper: A-loop: G-loop: αC-helix:
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TRIM28
Nuclear corepressor for KRAB domain-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs). Mediates gene silencing by recruiting CHD3, a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex, and SETDB1 (which specifically methylates histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me)) to the promoter regions of K...
Nuclear corepressor for KRAB domain-containing zinc finger proteins (KRAB-ZFPs). Mediates gene silencing by recruiting CHD3, a subunit of the nucleosome remodeling and deacetylation (NuRD) complex, and SETDB1 (which specifically methylates histone H3 at 'Lys-9' (H3K9me)) to the promoter regions of KRAB target genes. Enhances transcriptional repression by coordinating the increase in H3K9me, the decrease in histone H3 'Lys-9 and 'Lys-14' acetylation (H3K9ac and H3K14ac, respectively) and the disposition of HP1 proteins to silence gene expression. Recruitment of SETDB1 induces heterochromatinization. May play a role as a coactivator for CEBPB and NR3C1 in the transcriptional activation of ORM1. Also corepressor for ERBB4. Inhibits E2F1 activity by stimulating E2F1-HDAC1 complex formation and inhibiting E2F1 acetylation. May serve as a partial backup to prevent E2F1-mediated apoptosis in the absence of RB1. Important regulator of CDKN1A/p21(CIP1). Has E3 SUMO-protein ligase activity toward itself via its PHD-type zinc finger. Also specifically sumoylates IRF7, thereby inhibiting its transactivation activity. Ubiquitinates p53/TP53 leading to its proteosomal degradation; the function is enhanced by MAGEC2 and MAGEA2, and possibly MAGEA3 and MAGEA6. Mediates the nuclear localization of KOX1, ZNF268 and ZNF300 transcription factors. In association with isoform 2 of ZFP90, is required for the transcriptional repressor activity of FOXP3 and the suppressive function of regulatory T-cells (Treg) (PubMed:23543754). Probably forms a corepressor complex required for activated KRAS-mediated promoter hypermethylation and transcriptional silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) or other tumor-related genes in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells (PubMed:24623306). Required to maintain a transcriptionally repressive state of genes in undifferentiated embryonic stem cells (ESCs) (PubMed:24623306). In ESCs, in collaboration with SETDB1, is also required for H3K9me3 and silencing of endogenous and introduced retroviruses in a DNA-methylation independent-pathway (By similarity). Associates at promoter regions of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) leading to their gene silencing (PubMed:24623306). The SETDB1-TRIM28-ZNF274 complex may play a role in recruiting ATRX to the 3'-exons of zinc-finger coding genes with atypical chromatin signatures to establish or maintain/protect H3K9me3 at these transcriptionally active regions (PubMed:27029610). Acts as a corepressor for ZFP568 (By similarity).
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GO - Biological processes (BP):
chromatin organization, convergent extension involved in axis elongation, DNA methylation involved in embryo development, DNA repair, embryo implantation, embryonic placenta morphogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, innate immune response, negative regulation of DNA demethylation, negativ...
chromatin organization, convergent extension involved in axis elongation, DNA methylation involved in embryo development, DNA repair, embryo implantation, embryonic placenta morphogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, innate immune response, negative regulation of DNA demethylation, negative regulation of single stranded viral RNA replication via double stranded DNA intermediate, negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II, negative regulation of viral release from host cell, positive regulation of DNA binding, positive regulation of DNA repair, positive regulation of methylation-dependent chromatin silencing, positive regulation of protein import into nucleus, positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, protein autophosphorylation, protein sumoylation, Ras protein signal transduction, regulation of genetic imprinting, transcription initiation from RNA polymerase II promoter, viral process
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GO - Molecular function (MF):
chromatin binding, chromo shadow domain binding, DNA binding, Krueppel-associated box domain binding, promoter-specific chromatin binding, protein kinase activity, RNA binding, sequence-specific DNA binding, SUMO transferase activity, transcription coactivator activity, transcription corepressor act...
chromatin binding, chromo shadow domain binding, DNA binding, Krueppel-associated box domain binding, promoter-specific chromatin binding, protein kinase activity, RNA binding, sequence-specific DNA binding, SUMO transferase activity, transcription coactivator activity, transcription corepressor activity, ubiquitin protein ligase binding, ubiquitin-protein transferase activity, zinc ion binding
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GO - Cellular component (CC):
nuclear euchromatin, nuclear heterochromatin, nucleoplasm, nucleus, RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex, chromatin, protein-containing complex...
nuclear euchromatin, nuclear heterochromatin, nucleoplasm, nucleus, RNA polymerase II transcription factor complex, chromatin, protein-containing complex
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tripartite motif containing 28
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*NOTE: the Kaplan plots were collected from OncoLnc