PAK1
Entrez ID: 5058
Full name: p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1
External links: HGNC UniprotKB Ensembl RefSeq COSMIC
Family: STE: STE20: PAKA
Chromosomal location: 11q13.5-q14.1
Substructure location: Gatekeeper: [N/A] A-loop: [N/A] G-loop: 277...284 αC-helix: 303...305
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PAK1
Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes (PubMed:30290153). Can dire...
Protein kinase involved in intracellular signaling pathways downstream of integrins and receptor-type kinases that plays an important role in cytoskeleton dynamics, in cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, apoptosis, mitosis, and in vesicle-mediated transport processes (PubMed:30290153). Can directly phosphorylate BAD and protects cells against apoptosis. Activated by interaction with CDC42 and RAC1. Functions as GTPase effector that links the Rho-related GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 to the JNK MAP kinase pathway. Phosphorylates and activates MAP2K1, and thereby mediates activation of downstream MAP kinases. Involved in the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton, actin stress fibers and of focal adhesion complexes. Phosphorylates the tubulin chaperone TBCB and thereby plays a role in the regulation of microtubule biogenesis and organization of the tubulin cytoskeleton. Plays a role in the regulation of insulin secretion in response to elevated glucose levels. Part of a ternary complex that contains PAK1, DVL1 and MUSK that is important for MUSK-dependent regulation of AChR clustering during the formation of the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). Activity is inhibited in cells undergoing apoptosis, potentially due to binding of CDC2L1 and CDC2L2. Phosphorylates MYL9/MLC2. Phosphorylates RAF1 at 'Ser-338' and 'Ser-339' resulting in: activation of RAF1, stimulation of RAF1 translocation to mitochondria, phosphorylation of BAD by RAF1, and RAF1 binding to BCL2. Phosphorylates SNAI1 at 'Ser-246' promoting its transcriptional repressor activity by increasing its accumulation in the nucleus. In podocytes, promotes NR3C2 nuclear localization. Required for atypical chemokine receptor ACKR2-induced phosphorylation of LIMK1 and cofilin (CFL1) and for the up-regulation of ACKR2 from endosomal compartment to cell membrane, increasing its efficiency in chemokine uptake and degradation. In synapses, seems to mediate the regulation of F-actin cluster formation performed by SHANK3, maybe through CFL1 phosphorylation and inactivation. Plays a role in RUFY3-mediated facilitating gastric cancer cells migration and invasion (PubMed:25766321). In response to DNA damage, phosphorylates MORC2 which activates its ATPase activity and facilitates chromatin remodeling (PubMed:23260667).
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GO - Biological processes (BP):
actin cytoskeleton reorganization, activation of protein kinase activity, apoptotic process, branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube, cell migration, cellular response to DNA damage stimulus, cellular response to insulin stimulus, cerebellum development, chromatin remodeling, ephrin receptor s...
actin cytoskeleton reorganization, activation of protein kinase activity, apoptotic process, branching morphogenesis of an epithelial tube, cell migration, cellular response to DNA damage stimulus, cellular response to insulin stimulus, cerebellum development, chromatin remodeling, ephrin receptor signaling pathway, establishment of cell polarity, exocytosis, Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway, Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis, hepatocyte growth factor receptor signaling pathway, negative regulation of cell growth involved in cardiac muscle cell development, negative regulation of cell proliferation involved in contact inhibition, neuron projection morphogenesis, positive regulation of axon extension, positive regulation of cell migration, positive regulation of cell population proliferation, positive regulation of fibroblast migration, positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway, positive regulation of intracellular estrogen receptor signaling pathway, positive regulation of JUN kinase activity, positive regulation of microtubule polymerization, positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation, positive regulation of protein phosphorylation, positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane, positive regulation of stress fiber assembly, positive regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell migration, positive regulation of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, protein autophosphorylation, protein phosphorylation, regulation of axonogenesis, regulation of mitotic cell cycle, response to hypoxia, signal transduction by protein phosphorylation, stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway, stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade, T cell costimulation, T cell receptor signaling pathway, wound healing
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GO - Molecular function (MF):
ATP binding, collagen binding, identical protein binding, protein kinase activity, protein kinase binding, protein serine/threonine kinase activity...
ATP binding, collagen binding, identical protein binding, protein kinase activity, protein kinase binding, protein serine/threonine kinase activity
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GO - Cellular component (CC):
actin filament, cytosol, nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, plasma membrane, ruffle membrane, axon, cell-cell junction, chromosome, cytoplasm, dendrite, focal adhesion, intercalated disc, invadopodium, lamellipodium, protein-containing complex, ruffle, Z disc...
actin filament, cytosol, nuclear membrane, nucleoplasm, plasma membrane, ruffle membrane, axon, cell-cell junction, chromosome, cytoplasm, dendrite, focal adhesion, intercalated disc, invadopodium, lamellipodium, protein-containing complex, ruffle, Z disc
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p21 (RAC1) activated kinase 1
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*NOTE: the Kaplan plots were collected from OncoLnc