Gene Page: BCL2
Summary ?
GeneID | 596 |
Symbol | BCL2 |
Synonyms | Bcl-2|PPP1R50 |
Description | B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 |
Reference | MIM:151430|HGNC:HGNC:990|HPRD:01045| |
Gene type | protein-coding |
Map location | 18q21.3 |
Pascal p-value | 0.025 |
Sherlock p-value | 0.276 |
Fetal beta | 1.981 |
DMG | 1 (# studies) |
eGene | Myers' cis & trans |
Gene in Data Sources
Gene set name | Method of gene set | Description | Info |
---|---|---|---|
CV:PGCnp | Genome-wide Association Study | GWAS | |
DMG:Wockner_2014 | Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis | This dataset includes 4641 differentially methylated probes corresponding to 2929 unique genes between schizophrenia patients (n=24) and controls (n=24). | 1 |
PMID:cooccur | High-throughput literature-search | Systematic search in PubMed for genes co-occurring with SCZ keywords. A total of 3027 genes were included. | |
Literature | High-throughput literature-search | Co-occurance with Schizophrenia keywords: schizophrenia,schizophrenias | Click to show details |
GO_Annotation | Mapping neuro-related keywords to Gene Ontology annotations | Hits with neuro-related keywords: 1 | |
Network | Shortest path distance of core genes in the Human protein-protein interaction network | Contribution to shortest path in PPI network: 0.1729 |
Section I. Genetics and epigenetics annotation
Differentially methylated gene
Probe | Chromosome | Position | Nearest gene | P (dis) | Beta (dis) | FDR (dis) | Study |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
cg22152050 | 18 | 60987904 | BCL2 | 4.796E-4 | -0.235 | 0.046 | DMG:Wockner_2014 |
eQTL annotation
SNP ID | Chromosome | Position | eGene | Gene Entrez ID | pvalue | qvalue | TSS distance | eQTL type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
rs6879593 | chr5 | 75253310 | BCL2 | 596 | 0.05 | trans | ||
rs2655880 | chr12 | 60797980 | BCL2 | 596 | 0.16 | trans | ||
rs10784054 | chr12 | 60822443 | BCL2 | 596 | 0.16 | trans | ||
rs2036975 | chr13 | 30181116 | BCL2 | 596 | 0.11 | trans |
Section II. Transcriptome annotation
General gene expression (GTEx)
Gene expression during devlopment (BrainCloud)
Footnote:
A total of 269 time points ploted, with n=38 fetal samples (x=1:38). Each triangle represents one time point.
Gene expression of temporal and spatial changes (BrainSpan)
Footnote:
SC: sub-cortical regions; SM: sensory-motor regions; FC: frontal cortex; and TP: temporal-parietal cortex
ST1: fetal (13 - 26 postconception weeks), ST2: early infancy to late childhood (4 months to 11 years), and ST3: adolescence to adulthood (13 - 23 years)
The bar shown representes the lower 25% and upper 25% of the expression distribution.
Top co-expressed genes in brain regions
Top 10 positively co-expressed genes | ||
Gene | Pearson's Correlation | Spearman's Correlation |
ZFYVE28 | 0.90 | 0.87 |
ZBTB7A | 0.88 | 0.90 |
CBX7 | 0.88 | 0.93 |
PACSIN1 | 0.88 | 0.89 |
SYNM | 0.88 | 0.84 |
CNTNAP1 | 0.88 | 0.82 |
MAP1A | 0.88 | 0.81 |
SIRPA | 0.87 | 0.88 |
IQSEC3 | 0.87 | 0.76 |
COBL | 0.86 | 0.86 |
Top 10 negatively co-expressed genes | ||
Gene | Pearson's Correlation | Spearman's Correlation |
C9orf46 | -0.67 | -0.80 |
EXOSC8 | -0.65 | -0.75 |
DYNLT1 | -0.64 | -0.82 |
BCL7C | -0.64 | -0.73 |
TUBB2B | -0.64 | -0.63 |
TRAF4 | -0.64 | -0.72 |
RPS8 | -0.62 | -0.80 |
AC079354.7 | -0.62 | -0.68 |
RPS18 | -0.62 | -0.77 |
KIAA1949 | -0.62 | -0.51 |
Section III. Gene Ontology annotation
Molecular function | GO term | Evidence | Neuro keywords | PubMed ID |
---|---|---|---|---|
GO:0002020 | protease binding | IDA | 10620603 | |
GO:0042803 | protein homodimerization activity | IDA | 9111042 | |
GO:0046982 | protein heterodimerization activity | IPI | 9111042 | |
GO:0051434 | BH3 domain binding | IPI | 9111042 | |
Biological process | GO term | Evidence | Neuro keywords | PubMed ID |
GO:0043524 | negative regulation of neuron apoptosis | IEA | neuron (GO term level: 9) | - |
GO:0001836 | release of cytochrome c from mitochondria | NAS | 9027314 | |
GO:0008219 | cell death | IDA | 8949945 | |
GO:0008284 | positive regulation of cell proliferation | IEA | - | |
GO:0008633 | activation of pro-apoptotic gene products | EXP | 15231831 | |
GO:0010039 | response to iron ion | IDA | 11264898 | |
GO:0034097 | response to cytokine stimulus | IDA | 9184696 | |
GO:0009636 | response to toxin | IDA | 16307838 | |
GO:0007565 | female pregnancy | NAS | 11530860 | |
GO:0006959 | humoral immune response | TAS | 1908951 | |
GO:0006916 | anti-apoptosis | IDA | 9027314 |10506221 |10620603 |11684014 | |
GO:0009314 | response to radiation | NAS | 15799693 | |
GO:0042100 | B cell proliferation | IDA | 1373874 | |
GO:0031069 | hair follicle morphogenesis | IEA | - | |
GO:0042493 | response to drug | IDA | 8949945 | |
GO:0043496 | regulation of protein homodimerization activity | IDA | 9111042 | |
GO:0043497 | regulation of protein heterodimerization activity | IDA | 9111042 | |
GO:0051607 | defense response to virus | IDA | 10620603 | |
GO:0043473 | pigmentation | IEA | - | |
GO:0032848 | negative regulation of cellular pH reduction | IDA | 10506221 | |
GO:0035094 | response to nicotine | IDA | 12421819 | |
GO:0046902 | regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability | ISS | 9843949 | |
GO:0045069 | regulation of viral genome replication | IEA | - | |
GO:0051881 | regulation of mitochondrial membrane potential | ISS | 9843949 | |
GO:0051902 | negative regulation of mitochondrial depolarization | TAS | 9027314 | |
Cellular component | GO term | Evidence | Neuro keywords | PubMed ID |
GO:0005829 | cytosol | IEA | - | |
GO:0005789 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | IEA | - | |
GO:0005634 | nucleus | IEA | - | |
GO:0005737 | cytoplasm | IDA | 11530860 | |
GO:0005739 | mitochondrion | IDA | 9027314 | |
GO:0005741 | mitochondrial outer membrane | EXP | 10198631 |11463392 |12624108 | |
GO:0005741 | mitochondrial outer membrane | IDA | 9027314 | |
GO:0005741 | mitochondrial outer membrane | TAS | 1453000 | |
GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | IEA | - | |
GO:0016020 | membrane | IEA | - | |
GO:0016021 | integral to membrane | IEA | - | |
GO:0031965 | nuclear membrane | IDA | 1502141 |
Section IV. Protein-protein interaction annotation
Interactors | Aliases B | Official full name B | Experimental | Source | PubMed ID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATP2A2 | ATP2B | DAR | DD | DKFZp686P0211 | FLJ20293 | FLJ38063 | MGC45367 | SERCA2 | ATPase, Ca++ transporting, cardiac muscle, slow twitch 2 | - | HPRD | 9788433 |
AVEN | PDCD12 | apoptosis, caspase activation inhibitor | Affinity Capture-Western Two-hybrid | BioGRID | 10949025 |
BAD | BBC2 | BCL2L8 | BCL2-associated agonist of cell death | Bcl-2 interacts with Bad. | BIND | 9130713 |
BAD | BBC2 | BCL2L8 | BCL2-associated agonist of cell death | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 7834748 |
BAD | BBC2 | BCL2L8 | BCL2-associated agonist of cell death | Bad interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15694340 |
BAD | BBC2 | BCL2L8 | BCL2-associated agonist of cell death | Bad interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15574335 |
BAG1 | RAP46 | BCL2-associated athanogene | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9305631 |
BAG3 | BAG-3 | BIS | CAIR-1 | MGC104307 | BCL2-associated athanogene 3 | Bcl-2 interacts with BAG-3. This interaction was modelled on a demonstrated interaction between Bcl-2 from an unspecified species and human BAG-3. | BIND | 11527400 |
BAG3 | BAG-3 | BIS | CAIR-1 | MGC104307 | BCL2-associated athanogene 3 | - | HPRD | 11513873 |
BAG4 | BAG-4 | SODD | BCL2-associated athanogene 4 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11527400 |
BAG4 | BAG-4 | SODD | BCL2-associated athanogene 4 | Bcl-2 interacts with BAG-4. This interaction was modelled on a demonstrated interaction between Bcl-2 from an unspecified species and human BAG-4. | BIND | 11527400 |
BAK1 | BAK | BAK-LIKE | BCL2L7 | CDN1 | MGC117255 | MGC3887 | BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11728179 |
BAX | BCL2L4 | BCL2-associated X protein | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 8358790 |
BAX | BCL2L4 | BCL2-associated X protein | Bax interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15574335 |
BAX | BCL2L4 | BCL2-associated X protein | - | HPRD | 8358790|9111042 |
BAX | BCL2L4 | BCL2-associated X protein | Bcl-2 interacts with Bax. | BIND | 9130713 |
BBC3 | JFY1 | PUMA | BCL2 binding component 3 | PUMA-beta interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 11463392 |
BBC3 | JFY1 | PUMA | BCL2 binding component 3 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11463392 |
BBC3 | JFY1 | PUMA | BCL2 binding component 3 | PUMA interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15574335 |
BBC3 | JFY1 | PUMA | BCL2 binding component 3 | PUMA-alpha interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 11463392 |
BBC3 | JFY1 | PUMA | BCL2 binding component 3 | Puma interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15694340 |
BCAP31 | 6C6-AG | BAP31 | CDM | DXS1357E | B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9334338 |
BCL2 | Bcl-2 | B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 | - | HPRD | 9111042 |15302859 |
BCL2L1 | BCL-XL/S | BCL2L | BCLX | Bcl-X | DKFZp781P2092 | bcl-xL | bcl-xS | BCL2-like 1 | - | HPRD | 11583631 |
BCL2L1 | BCL-XL/S | BCL2L | BCLX | Bcl-X | DKFZp781P2092 | bcl-xL | bcl-xS | BCL2-like 1 | Affinity Capture-Western Protein-peptide | BioGRID | 12137781 |14980220 |
BCL2L10 | BCL-B | Boo | Diva | MGC129810 | MGC129811 | BCL2-like 10 (apoptosis facilitator) | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11278245 |
BCL2L11 | BAM | BIM | BIM-alpha6 | BIM-beta6 | BIM-beta7 | BOD | BimEL | BimL | BCL2-like 11 (apoptosis facilitator) | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9430630 |
BCL2L11 | BAM | BIM | BIM-alpha6 | BIM-beta6 | BIM-beta7 | BOD | BimEL | BimL | BCL2-like 11 (apoptosis facilitator) | Bim interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15694340 |
BCL2L14 | BCLG | BCL2-like 14 (apoptosis facilitator) | - | HPRD | 11054413 |
BCLAF1 | BTF | KIAA0164 | bK211L9.1 | BCL2-associated transcription factor 1 | - | HPRD | 10330179 |
BECN1 | ATG6 | VPS30 | beclin1 | beclin 1, autophagy related | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9765397 |
BFAR | BAR | RNF47 | bifunctional apoptosis regulator | - | HPRD | 10716992 |
BID | FP497 | MGC15319 | MGC42355 | BH3 interacting domain death agonist | Bid interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15694340 |
BID | FP497 | MGC15319 | MGC42355 | BH3 interacting domain death agonist | Protein-peptide | BioGRID | 15520201 |15694340 |
BID | FP497 | MGC15319 | MGC42355 | BH3 interacting domain death agonist | Bid interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15574335 |
BID | FP497 | MGC15319 | MGC42355 | BH3 interacting domain death agonist | - | HPRD | 9727491 |
BIK | BIP1 | BP4 | NBK | BCL2-interacting killer (apoptosis-inducing) | - | HPRD | 9525867 |12853473|12853473 |
BIK | BIP1 | BP4 | NBK | BCL2-interacting killer (apoptosis-inducing) | Bcl-2 interacts with Bik. | BIND | 9130713 |
BIK | BIP1 | BP4 | NBK | BCL2-interacting killer (apoptosis-inducing) | Bik interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15694340 |
BIK | BIP1 | BP4 | NBK | BCL2-interacting killer (apoptosis-inducing) | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 12853473 |
BLK | MGC10442 | B lymphoid tyrosine kinase | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9525867 |
BMF | FLJ00065 | Bcl2 modifying factor | Bmf interacts with Bcl-2. This interaction was modelled on a demonstrated interaction between mouse Bmf and human Bcl-2. | BIND | 15694340 |
BMF | FLJ00065 | Bcl2 modifying factor | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11546872 |
BNIP1 | NIP1 | SEC20 | TRG-8 | BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19kDa interacting protein 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 10217402 |
BNIP2 | BNIP-2 | NIP2 | BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19kDa interacting protein 2 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 7954800 |12901880 |
BNIP3 | NIP3 | BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19kDa interacting protein 3 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 10625696 |
BNIP3L | BNIP3a | NIX | BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19kDa interacting protein 3-like | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9973195|10467396 |
BNIPL | BNIP-S | BNIPL-1 | BNIPL-2 | BNIPL1 | BNIPL2 | PP753 | BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19kD interacting protein like | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 12901880 |
BNIPL | BNIP-S | BNIPL-1 | BNIPL-2 | BNIPL1 | BNIPL2 | PP753 | BCL2/adenovirus E1B 19kD interacting protein like | BNIPL-2 interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 12901880 |
CAPN2 | CANP2 | CANPL2 | CANPml | FLJ39928 | mCANP | calpain 2, (m/II) large subunit | Biochemical Activity Reconstituted Complex | BioGRID | 12000759 |
CASP2 | CASP-2 | ICH-1L | ICH-1L/1S | ICH1 | NEDD2 | caspase 2, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase | Phenotypic Suppression | BioGRID | 11832478 |
CASP3 | CPP32 | CPP32B | SCA-1 | caspase 3, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11948397 |
CASP8 | ALPS2B | CAP4 | FLICE | FLJ17672 | MACH | MCH5 | MGC78473 | caspase 8, apoptosis-related cysteine peptidase | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11406564 |
CDC2 | CDC28A | CDK1 | DKFZp686L20222 | MGC111195 | cell division cycle 2, G1 to S and G2 to M | Affinity Capture-Western | BioGRID | 11326318 |11774038 |
CDK2 | p33(CDK2) | cyclin-dependent kinase 2 | - | HPRD | 15619620 |
CYCS | CYC | HCS | cytochrome c, somatic | - | HPRD | 10622714 |
DYNLL1 | DLC1 | DLC8 | DNCL1 | DNCLC1 | LC8 | LC8a | MGC126137 | MGC126138 | PIN | hdlc1 | dynein, light chain, LC8-type 1 | Affinity Capture-Western | BioGRID | 10198631 |
EPHB2 | CAPB | DRT | EPHT3 | ERK | Hek5 | MGC87492 | PCBC | Tyro5 | EPH receptor B2 | Biochemical Activity | BioGRID | 15225643 |
FKBP8 | FKBP38 | FKBPr38 | FK506 binding protein 8, 38kDa | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 12510191 |
HRAS | C-BAS/HAS | C-H-RAS | C-HA-RAS1 | CTLO | H-RASIDX | HAMSV | HRAS1 | K-RAS | N-RAS | RASH1 | v-Ha-ras Harvey rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog | - | HPRD | 10490827 |
HRK | DP5 | HARAKIRI | harakiri, BCL2 interacting protein (contains only BH3 domain) | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9130713 |10075695 |
HRK | DP5 | HARAKIRI | harakiri, BCL2 interacting protein (contains only BH3 domain) | Hrk interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 9130713 |
HRK | DP5 | HARAKIRI | harakiri, BCL2 interacting protein (contains only BH3 domain) | Hrk interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 15694340 |
HSPA1A | FLJ54303 | FLJ54370 | FLJ54392 | FLJ54408 | FLJ75127 | HSP70-1 | HSP70-1A | HSP70I | HSP72 | HSPA1 | HSPA1B | heat shock 70kDa protein 1A | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 10354271 |
IRS1 | HIRS-1 | insulin receptor substrate 1 | Affinity Capture-Western | BioGRID | 10679027 |
IRS2 | - | insulin receptor substrate 2 | Affinity Capture-Western | BioGRID | 10679027 |
ITM2B | ABRI | BRI | BRI2 | BRICD2B | E25B | E3-16 | FBD | integral membrane protein 2B | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 12082633 |
ITPR1 | INSP3R1 | IP3R | IP3R1 | SCA15 | SCA16 | inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor, type 1 | Affinity Capture-Western | BioGRID | 15613488 |
KRAS | C-K-RAS | K-RAS2A | K-RAS2B | K-RAS4A | K-RAS4B | KI-RAS | KRAS1 | KRAS2 | NS3 | RASK2 | v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog | - | HPRD | 10490827 |
MAPK1 | ERK | ERK2 | ERT1 | MAPK2 | P42MAPK | PRKM1 | PRKM2 | p38 | p40 | p41 | p41mapk | mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 | - | HPRD | 15225643 |
MAPK11 | P38B | P38BETA2 | PRKM11 | SAPK2 | SAPK2B | p38-2 | p38Beta | mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 | - | HPRD | 11495898 |
MOAP1 | MAP-1 | PNMA4 | modulator of apoptosis 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11060313 |
MOAP1 | MAP-1 | PNMA4 | modulator of apoptosis 1 | MAP-1 interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 11060313 |
MYC | bHLHe39 | c-Myc | v-myc myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (avian) | Affinity Capture-Western Co-localization | BioGRID | 15210690 |
NR4A1 | GFRP1 | HMR | MGC9485 | N10 | NAK-1 | NGFIB | NP10 | NUR77 | TR3 | nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 14980220 |
NRAS | ALPS4 | N-ras | NRAS1 | neuroblastoma RAS viral (v-ras) oncogene homolog | - | HPRD | 10490827 |
P53AIP1 | - | p53-regulated apoptosis-inducing protein 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 12019168 |
PARP1 | ADPRT | ADPRT1 | PARP | PARP-1 | PPOL | pADPRT-1 | poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11790116 |
PIN1 | DOD | UBL5 | peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1 | - | HPRD | 11988841 |
PIN1 | DOD | UBL5 | peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase, NIMA-interacting 1 | Affinity Capture-Western | BioGRID | 11326318 |
PKMYT1 | DKFZp547K1610 | FLJ20093 | MYT1 | protein kinase, membrane associated tyrosine/threonine 1 | - | HPRD | 11326318 |
PMAIP1 | APR | NOXA | phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate-induced protein 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 10807576 |
PPP1CA | MGC15877 | MGC1674 | PP-1A | PPP1A | protein phosphatase 1, catalytic subunit, alpha isoform | - | HPRD | 11390485 |
PPP2CA | PP2Ac | PP2CA | RP-C | protein phosphatase 2 (formerly 2A), catalytic subunit, alpha isoform | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9852076 |
PPP2R4 | MGC2184 | PP2A | PR53 | PTPA | protein phosphatase 2A activator, regulatory subunit 4 | Biochemical Activity | BioGRID | 15225643 |
PPP2R5A | B56A | MGC131915 | PR61A | protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B', alpha isoform | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11929874 |
PPP3CA | CALN | CALNA | CALNA1 | CCN1 | CNA1 | PPP2B | protein phosphatase 3 (formerly 2B), catalytic subunit, alpha isoform | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 7593193 |9109491 |
PSEN1 | AD3 | FAD | PS1 | S182 | presenilin 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 10521466 |
RAD9A | RAD9 | RAD9 homolog A (S. pombe) | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 10620799 |
RAF1 | CRAF | NS5 | Raf-1 | c-Raf | v-raf-1 murine leukemia viral oncogene homolog 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 8910675 |8929532 |
RHEB | MGC111559 | RHEB2 | Ras homolog enriched in brain | Bcl-2 interacts with Rheb. | BIND | 9130713 |
RRAS | - | related RAS viral (r-ras) oncogene homolog | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 8232588 |
RTN4 | ASY | NI220/250 | NOGO | NOGO-A | NOGOC | NSP | NSP-CL | Nbla00271 | Nbla10545 | Nogo-B | Nogo-C | RTN-X | RTN4-A | RTN4-B1 | RTN4-B2 | RTN4-C | reticulon 4 | RTN-XS interacts with Bcl-2. | BIND | 11126360 |
RTN4 | ASY | NI220/250 | NOGO | NOGO-A | NOGOC | NSP | NSP-CL | Nbla00271 | Nbla10545 | Nogo-B | Nogo-C | RTN-X | RTN4-A | RTN4-B1 | RTN4-B2 | RTN4-C | reticulon 4 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 11126360 |
SERPINB8 | CAP2 | PI8 | serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade B (ovalbumin), member 8 | Affinity Capture-Western | BioGRID | 15231068 |
SF1 | D11S636 | ZFM1 | ZNF162 | splicing factor 1 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 8668206 |
SMN1 | BCD541 | SMA | SMA1 | SMA2 | SMA3 | SMA4 | SMA@ | SMN | SMNT | T-BCD541 | survival of motor neuron 1, telomeric | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9389483 |
SOD1 | ALS | ALS1 | IPOA | SOD | homodimer | superoxide dismutase 1, soluble | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 15233914 |
SPNS1 | FLJ38358 | HSpin1 | LAT | PP2030 | SPIN1 | SPINL | nrs | spinster homolog 1 (Drosophila) | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 12815463 |
TMBIM6 | BAXI1 | BI-1 | TEGT | transmembrane BAX inhibitor motif containing 6 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9660918 |
TOMM20 | KIAA0016 | MAS20 | MGC117367 | MOM19 | TOM20 | translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 homolog (yeast) | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 9119086 |
TP53 | FLJ92943 | LFS1 | TRP53 | p53 | tumor protein p53 | - | HPRD | 12667443 |
TP53BP2 | 53BP2 | ASPP2 | BBP | PPP1R13A | p53BP2 | tumor protein p53 binding protein, 2 | - | HPRD,BioGRID | 8668206 |
Section V. Pathway annotation
Pathway name | Pathway size | # SZGR 2.0 genes in pathway | Info |
---|---|---|---|
KEGG APOPTOSIS | 88 | 62 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KEGG FOCAL ADHESION | 201 | 138 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KEGG NEUROTROPHIN SIGNALING PATHWAY | 126 | 103 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KEGG AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS ALS | 53 | 43 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KEGG PATHWAYS IN CANCER | 328 | 259 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KEGG COLORECTAL CANCER | 62 | 47 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KEGG PROSTATE CANCER | 89 | 75 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KEGG SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER | 84 | 67 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA CHEMICAL PATHWAY | 22 | 15 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA CERAMIDE PATHWAY | 22 | 16 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA HIVNEF PATHWAY | 58 | 43 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA IL2RB PATHWAY | 38 | 26 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA IL7 PATHWAY | 17 | 14 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA DEATH PATHWAY | 33 | 24 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA KERATINOCYTE PATHWAY | 46 | 38 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA P53 PATHWAY | 16 | 13 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA BAD PATHWAY | 26 | 23 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA MITOCHONDRIA PATHWAY | 21 | 15 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA HSP27 PATHWAY | 15 | 11 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BIOCARTA TEL PATHWAY | 18 | 15 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SIG IL4RECEPTOR IN B LYPHOCYTES | 27 | 23 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ST GA13 PATHWAY | 37 | 32 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SA FAS SIGNALING | 9 | 5 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SIG BCR SIGNALING PATHWAY | 46 | 38 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SA PROGRAMMED CELL DEATH | 12 | 9 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID NFAT 3PATHWAY | 54 | 47 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID IL2 1PATHWAY | 55 | 43 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID IL2 PI3K PATHWAY | 34 | 27 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID CERAMIDE PATHWAY | 48 | 37 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID P53 DOWNSTREAM PATHWAY | 137 | 94 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID RXR VDR PATHWAY | 26 | 24 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID ATF2 PATHWAY | 59 | 43 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID CMYB PATHWAY | 84 | 61 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID HIV NEF PATHWAY | 35 | 26 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID CASPASE PATHWAY | 52 | 39 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID KIT PATHWAY | 52 | 40 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID EPO PATHWAY | 34 | 29 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID IL2 STAT5 PATHWAY | 30 | 23 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PID MYC REPRESS PATHWAY | 63 | 52 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
REACTOME APOPTOSIS | 148 | 94 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
REACTOME INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM | 279 | 178 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
REACTOME IMMUNE SYSTEM | 933 | 616 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
REACTOME ACTIVATION OF BH3 ONLY PROTEINS | 17 | 12 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
REACTOME INFLAMMASOMES | 17 | 12 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
REACTOME NUCLEOTIDE BINDING DOMAIN LEUCINE RICH REPEAT CONTAINING RECEPTOR NLR SIGNALING PATHWAYS | 46 | 33 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
REACTOME INTRINSIC PATHWAY FOR APOPTOSIS | 30 | 21 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
WINTER HYPOXIA DN | 52 | 30 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
LIU PROSTATE CANCER DN | 481 | 290 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GARY CD5 TARGETS UP | 473 | 314 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
DEURIG T CELL PROLYMPHOCYTIC LEUKEMIA DN | 320 | 184 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
DOANE BREAST CANCER ESR1 UP | 112 | 72 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
RHEIN ALL GLUCOCORTICOID THERAPY DN | 362 | 238 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
LEE NEURAL CREST STEM CELL DN | 118 | 79 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
RODRIGUES THYROID CARCINOMA POORLY DIFFERENTIATED DN | 805 | 505 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
RODRIGUES THYROID CARCINOMA ANAPLASTIC DN | 537 | 339 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
HAHTOLA SEZARY SYNDROM DN | 42 | 26 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
DELYS THYROID CANCER DN | 232 | 154 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GRAESSMANN APOPTOSIS BY DOXORUBICIN DN | 1781 | 1082 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
NUNODA RESPONSE TO DASATINIB IMATINIB UP | 29 | 20 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MARKS HDAC TARGETS DN | 15 | 11 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BAKER HEMATOPOESIS STAT1 TARGETS | 10 | 9 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BAKER HEMATOPOIESIS STAT3 TARGETS | 16 | 12 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BAKER HEMATOPOESIS STAT5 TARGETS | 7 | 7 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GALLUZZI PERMEABILIZE MITOCHONDRIA | 43 | 31 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
DUTTA APOPTOSIS VIA NFKB | 33 | 25 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GALLUZZI PREVENT MITOCHONDIAL PERMEABILIZATION | 22 | 16 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
FARMER BREAST CANCER APOCRINE VS LUMINAL | 326 | 213 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
FARMER BREAST CANCER BASAL VS LULMINAL | 330 | 215 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SCHLOSSER SERUM RESPONSE UP | 134 | 93 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
HONRADO BREAST CANCER BRCA1 VS BRCA2 | 18 | 12 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MOHANKUMAR TLX1 TARGETS UP | 414 | 287 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KIM MYC AMPLIFICATION TARGETS DN | 97 | 51 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SHANK TAL1 TARGETS DN | 10 | 6 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PUJANA ATM PCC NETWORK | 1442 | 892 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SCHLESINGER METHYLATED DE NOVO IN CANCER | 88 | 64 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MANTOVANI NFKB TARGETS UP | 43 | 33 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MANTOVANI VIRAL GPCR SIGNALING UP | 86 | 54 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BUYTAERT PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY STRESS DN | 637 | 377 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SCHAEFFER PROSTATE DEVELOPMENT 48HR UP | 487 | 286 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
RICKMAN HEAD AND NECK CANCER A | 100 | 63 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BENPORATH SUZ12 TARGETS | 1038 | 678 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BENPORATH EED TARGETS | 1062 | 725 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BENPORATH ES WITH H3K27ME3 | 1118 | 744 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BENPORATH PRC2 TARGETS | 652 | 441 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BENPORATH MYC TARGETS WITH EBOX | 230 | 156 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GEORGES CELL CYCLE MIR192 TARGETS | 62 | 46 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GEORGES TARGETS OF MIR192 AND MIR215 | 893 | 528 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SHIN B CELL LYMPHOMA CLUSTER 3 | 28 | 23 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MORI SMALL PRE BII LYMPHOCYTE DN | 76 | 52 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BYSTROEM CORRELATED WITH IL5 DN | 64 | 47 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GOLDRATH HOMEOSTATIC PROLIFERATION | 171 | 102 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
RADAEVA RESPONSE TO IFNA1 UP | 52 | 40 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
POMEROY MEDULLOBLASTOMA DESMOPLASIC VS CLASSIC DN | 59 | 35 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
TENEDINI MEGAKARYOCYTE MARKERS | 66 | 48 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
FERNANDEZ BOUND BY MYC | 182 | 116 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
FERRANDO LYL1 NEIGHBORS | 15 | 12 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
PENG GLUCOSE DEPRIVATION DN | 169 | 112 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
YAO HOXA10 TARGETS VIA PROGESTERONE UP | 79 | 58 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
NUMATA CSF3 SIGNALING VIA STAT3 | 22 | 17 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MOREAUX MULTIPLE MYELOMA BY TACI UP | 412 | 249 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BASSO CD40 SIGNALING UP | 101 | 76 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BRUNO HEMATOPOIESIS | 66 | 48 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
IVANOVA HEMATOPOIESIS EARLY PROGENITOR | 532 | 309 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BRACHAT RESPONSE TO METHOTREXATE DN | 27 | 19 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BLALOCK ALZHEIMERS DISEASE UP | 1691 | 1088 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KIM GASTRIC CANCER CHEMOSENSITIVITY | 103 | 64 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
LU AGING BRAIN UP | 262 | 186 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
DAZARD RESPONSE TO UV NHEK UP | 244 | 151 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ZHU CMV 24 HR DN | 91 | 64 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ZHENG RESPONSE TO ARSENITE UP | 18 | 14 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ZHU CMV ALL DN | 128 | 93 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BRACHAT RESPONSE TO CAMPTOTHECIN DN | 46 | 31 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
IVANOVA HEMATOPOIESIS STEM CELL AND PROGENITOR | 681 | 420 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MONNIER POSTRADIATION TUMOR ESCAPE DN | 373 | 196 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
CREIGHTON ENDOCRINE THERAPY RESISTANCE 1 | 528 | 324 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
CREIGHTON ENDOCRINE THERAPY RESISTANCE 4 | 307 | 185 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GAVIN FOXP3 TARGETS CLUSTER P2 | 79 | 55 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ZHENG BOUND BY FOXP3 | 491 | 310 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ZHENG FOXP3 TARGETS IN T LYMPHOCYTE DN | 37 | 29 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
HELLER HDAC TARGETS DN | 292 | 189 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
HELLER HDAC TARGETS SILENCED BY METHYLATION DN | 281 | 179 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
CLAUS PGR POSITIVE MENINGIOMA DN | 12 | 10 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
WONG MITOCHONDRIA GENE MODULE | 217 | 122 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MASSARWEH TAMOXIFEN RESISTANCE DN | 258 | 160 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MARZEC IL2 SIGNALING UP | 115 | 80 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
OUYANG PROSTATE CANCER MARKERS | 19 | 16 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ENGELMANN CANCER PROGENITORS UP | 48 | 31 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SMID BREAST CANCER BASAL DN | 701 | 446 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ZHANG BREAST CANCER PROGENITORS UP | 425 | 253 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MATZUK EMBRYONIC GERM CELL | 19 | 16 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MATZUK SPERMATOCYTE | 72 | 55 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BONCI TARGETS OF MIR15A AND MIR16 1 | 91 | 75 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
QI PLASMACYTOMA UP | 259 | 185 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MUELLER PLURINET | 299 | 189 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
GRESHOCK CANCER COPY NUMBER UP | 323 | 240 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MOOTHA HUMAN MITODB 6 2002 | 429 | 260 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
MOOTHA MITOCHONDRIA | 447 | 277 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
YOSHIMURA MAPK8 TARGETS UP | 1305 | 895 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
VANASSE BCL2 TARGETS UP | 40 | 25 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
VANASSE BCL2 TARGETS DN | 74 | 50 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
VANTVEER BREAST CANCER ESR1 UP | 167 | 99 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
HOFFMANN PRE BI TO LARGE PRE BII LYMPHOCYTE DN | 75 | 61 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
HOFFMANN IMMATURE TO MATURE B LYMPHOCYTE UP | 43 | 34 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SHEDDEN LUNG CANCER GOOD SURVIVAL A12 | 317 | 177 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SHAFFER IRF4 TARGETS IN ACTIVATED B LYMPHOCYTE | 81 | 66 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ZHAN LATE DIFFERENTIATION GENES UP | 33 | 24 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
HOSHIDA LIVER CANCER SURVIVAL UP | 73 | 49 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
WOO LIVER CANCER RECURRENCE UP | 105 | 75 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
YAGI AML WITH INV 16 TRANSLOCATION | 422 | 277 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
YAGI AML WITH 11Q23 REARRANGED | 351 | 238 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ONO FOXP3 TARGETS DN | 42 | 23 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
YAO TEMPORAL RESPONSE TO PROGESTERONE CLUSTER 2 | 86 | 50 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
NIELSEN MALIGNAT FIBROUS HISTIOCYTOMA DN | 18 | 11 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
DUTERTRE ESTRADIOL RESPONSE 6HR UP | 229 | 149 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
DUTERTRE ESTRADIOL RESPONSE 24HR UP | 324 | 193 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BRUINS UVC RESPONSE VIA TP53 GROUP A | 898 | 516 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
KASLER HDAC7 TARGETS 1 UP | 194 | 133 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
IKEDA MIR30 TARGETS UP | 116 | 87 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
ABDELMOHSEN ELAVL4 TARGETS | 16 | 13 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BOSCO ALLERGEN INDUCED TH2 ASSOCIATED MODULE | 151 | 86 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
BOSCO TH1 CYTOTOXIC MODULE | 114 | 62 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
SMIRNOV RESPONSE TO IR 2HR DN | 55 | 35 | All SZGR 2.0 genes in this pathway |
Section VI. microRNA annotation
miRNA family | Target position | miRNA ID | miRNA seq | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
UTR start | UTR end | Match method | |||
miR-143 | 1819 | 1825 | 1A | hsa-miR-143brain | UGAGAUGAAGCACUGUAGCUCA |
miR-149 | 2398 | 2404 | 1A | hsa-miR-149brain | UCUGGCUCCGUGUCUUCACUCC |
miR-15/16/195/424/497 | 2529 | 2536 | 1A,m8 | hsa-miR-15abrain | UAGCAGCACAUAAUGGUUUGUG |
hsa-miR-16brain | UAGCAGCACGUAAAUAUUGGCG | ||||
hsa-miR-15bbrain | UAGCAGCACAUCAUGGUUUACA | ||||
hsa-miR-195SZ | UAGCAGCACAGAAAUAUUGGC | ||||
hsa-miR-424 | CAGCAGCAAUUCAUGUUUUGAA | ||||
hsa-miR-497 | CAGCAGCACACUGUGGUUUGU | ||||
miR-153 | 26 | 32 | 1A | hsa-miR-153 | UUGCAUAGUCACAAAAGUGA |
miR-181 | 1752 | 1758 | 1A | hsa-miR-181abrain | AACAUUCAACGCUGUCGGUGAGU |
hsa-miR-181bSZ | AACAUUCAUUGCUGUCGGUGGG | ||||
hsa-miR-181cbrain | AACAUUCAACCUGUCGGUGAGU | ||||
hsa-miR-181dbrain | AACAUUCAUUGUUGUCGGUGGGUU | ||||
miR-182 | 205 | 211 | 1A | hsa-miR-182 | UUUGGCAAUGGUAGAACUCACA |
hsa-miR-182 | UUUGGCAAUGGUAGAACUCACA | ||||
miR-204/211 | 209 | 216 | 1A,m8 | hsa-miR-204brain | UUCCCUUUGUCAUCCUAUGCCU |
hsa-miR-211 | UUCCCUUUGUCAUCCUUCGCCU | ||||
miR-205 | 3920 | 3926 | m8 | hsa-miR-205 | UCCUUCAUUCCACCGGAGUCUG |
miR-21 | 720 | 726 | 1A | hsa-miR-21brain | UAGCUUAUCAGACUGAUGUUGA |
hsa-miR-590 | GAGCUUAUUCAUAAAAGUGCAG | ||||
miR-217 | 2568 | 2574 | 1A | hsa-miR-217 | UACUGCAUCAGGAACUGAUUGGAU |
miR-30-5p | 2487 | 2493 | 1A | hsa-miR-30a-5p | UGUAAACAUCCUCGACUGGAAG |
hsa-miR-30cbrain | UGUAAACAUCCUACACUCUCAGC | ||||
hsa-miR-30dSZ | UGUAAACAUCCCCGACUGGAAG | ||||
hsa-miR-30bSZ | UGUAAACAUCCUACACUCAGCU | ||||
hsa-miR-30e-5p | UGUAAACAUCCUUGACUGGA | ||||
miR-34/449 | 203 | 209 | 1A | hsa-miR-34abrain | UGGCAGUGUCUUAGCUGGUUGUU |
hsa-miR-34c | AGGCAGUGUAGUUAGCUGAUUGC | ||||
hsa-miR-449 | UGGCAGUGUAUUGUUAGCUGGU | ||||
hsa-miR-449b | AGGCAGUGUAUUGUUAGCUGGC | ||||
miR-365 | 1711 | 1717 | 1A | hsa-miR-365 | UAAUGCCCCUAAAAAUCCUUAU |
miR-384 | 704 | 710 | 1A | hsa-miR-384 | AUUCCUAGAAAUUGUUCAUA |
miR-448 | 58 | 64 | m8 | hsa-miR-448 | UUGCAUAUGUAGGAUGUCCCAU |
hsa-miR-448 | UUGCAUAUGUAGGAUGUCCCAU | ||||
miR-493-5p | 3746 | 3752 | m8 | hsa-miR-493-5p | UUGUACAUGGUAGGCUUUCAUU |
miR-503 | 2530 | 2536 | 1A | hsa-miR-503 | UAGCAGCGGGAACAGUUCUGCAG |
miR-96 | 205 | 211 | 1A | hsa-miR-96brain | UUUGGCACUAGCACAUUUUUGC |
- SZ: miRNAs which differentially expressed in brain cortex of schizophrenia patients comparing with control samples using microarray. Click here to see the list of SZ related miRNAs.
- Brain: miRNAs which are expressed in brain based on miRNA microarray expression studies. Click here to see the list of brain related miRNAs.